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Recent studies have proved the utility of optic nerve magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography and visual evoked potentials in detecting optic nerve lesions during the early stages of MS. In addition, emerging evidence supports the inclusion of optic nerve topography as a fifth region to fulfil the dissemination in space criteria. Anticipating a modification in the McDonald criteria, it is crucial for neurologists to familiarize with the diagnostic properties of each test in detecting optic nerve lesions and understand how to incorporate them into the MS diagnostic process. Therefore, the objective of this article is to review the existing evidence supporting the use of these tests in the diagnostic process of MS and provide a practical algorithm that can serve as a valuable guide for clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231225848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,20]],"date-time":"2024-01-20T01:21:18Z","timestamp":1705713678000},"page":"139-149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Optic nerve topography in multiple sclerosis diagnostic criteria: Existing knowledge and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7270-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Vidal-Jordana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department and Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalunya (Cemcat), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1589-2254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaume","family":"Sastre-Garriga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department and Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalunya (Cemcat), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9999-5359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar","family":"Tintor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department and Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalunya (Cemcat), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2132-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c0lex","family":"Rovira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Montalban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department and Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalunya (Cemcat), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13524585231225848","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv105"},{"key":"bibr2-13524585231225848","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70259-X"},{"key":"bibr3-13524585231225848","unstructured":"McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, et al. 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