{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T13:24:40Z","timestamp":1783085080914,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705536000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003000","name":"Stichting MS Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-1030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-1030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003000","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009248","name":"Innovatiefonds Zorgverzekeraars","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B 18-313\/ File 3.798"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B 18-313\/ File 3.798"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009248","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008358","name":"Hersenstichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HA2015.01.05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HA2015.01.05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008358","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extended interval dosing (EID) of natalizumab treatment is increasingly used in multiple sclerosis. Besides the clear anti-inflammatory effect, natalizumab is considered to have neuroprotective properties as well.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to study the longitudinal effects of EID compared to standard interval dosing (SID) and natalizumab drug concentrations on brain atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients receiving EID or SID of natalizumab with a minimum radiological follow-up of 2 years were included. Changes in brain atrophy measures over time were derived from clinical routine 3D-Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR)-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using SynthSeg.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no differences between EID ( n = 32) and SID ( n = 50) for whole brain (\u22120.21% vs \u22120.16%, p = 0.42), ventricular (1.84% vs 1.13%, p = 0.24), and thalamic (\u22120.32% vs \u22120.32%, p = 0.97) annualized volume change over a median follow-up of 3.2 years. No associations between natalizumab drug concentration and brain atrophy rate were found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no clear evidence that EID compared to SID or lower natalizumab drug concentrations have a negative impact on the development of brain atrophy over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231225855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T04:07:27Z","timestamp":1705550847000},"page":"266-271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Exploring the effects of extended interval dosing of natalizumab and drug concentrations on brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7196-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa A","family":"Toorop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4796-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Noteboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martijn D","family":"Steenwijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Job W","family":"Gravendeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas","family":"Jasperse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-3706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Barkhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6705-5864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva MM","family":"Strijbis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9600-1312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theo","family":"Rispens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biologics Laboratory and Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2504-6959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menno M","family":"Schoonheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9557-5381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zo\u00e9 LE","family":"van Kempen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joep","family":"Killestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044397"},{"key":"bibr2-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.05.017"},{"key":"bibr3-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209326"},{"key":"bibr4-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512447704"},{"key":"bibr5-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211065711"},{"key":"bibr6-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009995"},{"key":"bibr7-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2023-332119."},{"key":"bibr8-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512473190"},{"key":"bibr9-13524585231225855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00143-0"},{"key":"bibr10-13524585231225855","first-page":"370","volume":"28","author":"Arnold DL","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult Scler"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis 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