{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T07:03:46Z","timestamp":1792047826015,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-19 - CE14 - 0043 \u2013 01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-19 - CE14 - 0043 \u2013 01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007379","name":"Fondation pour l\u2019Aide \u00e0 la Recherche sur la Scl\u00e9rose en Plaques","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007379","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Edmus foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The glycoprotein CD226 plays a key role in regulating immune cell function. Soluble CD226 (sCD226) is increased in sera of patients with several chronic inflammatory diseases but its levels in neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the presence and functional implications of sCD226 in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and other neurological diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mechanisms of sCD226 production were first investigated by analyzing CD226 surface expression levels and supernatants of CD3\/CD226-coactivated T cells. The role of sCD226 on dendritic cell maturation was evaluated. The concentration of sCD226 in the sera from healthy donors (HD), pwMS, neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) was measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CD3\/CD226-costimulation induced CD226 shedding. Addition of sCD226 to dendritic cells during their maturation led to an increased production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-23. We observed a significant increase in sCD226 in sera from pwMS and NMO compared to HD and AD. In MS, levels were increased in both relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) compared to clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggest that T-cell activation leads to release of sCD226 that could promote inflammation and raises the possibility of using sCD226 as a biomarker for neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585241234489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:47:25Z","timestamp":1709254045000},"page":"654-663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Increased levels of circulating soluble CD226 in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5392-0428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saniya","family":"Kari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Bucciarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thibault","family":"Angles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Cecile","family":"Oster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Cauboue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Laviolette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Mougenot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Morandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Pignolet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"},{"name":"CRC-SEP, Neurosciences Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Bost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"},{"name":"Immunology Department Laboratory, Institut F\u00e9d\u00e9ratif de Biologie, Toulouse University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joelle","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR-5284, INSERM U-1314, MeLiS, Institut NeuroMyoG\u00e8ne, Universite de Lyon\u2014Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonor","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology and Cytology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelhadi","family":"Saoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Liblau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITY), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III, Toulouse Cedex 3, 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