{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T03:38:17Z","timestamp":1792899497222,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005614","name":"Biogen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory disorders remain incompletely described in multiple sclerosis (MS), even though they are a frequent cause of death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective was to describe respiratory disorders in MS patients with Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) \u2a7e 6.5. Diaphragm dysfunction was defined by at least two of the seven criteria: clinical signs, inspiratory recruitment of neck muscles during wakefulness, reduced upright vital capacity (VC) &lt; 80%, upright-to-supine VC \u2a7e 15% of upright VC, decrease in Maximal Inspiratory Pressure &lt; 60%, phasic activation of inspiratory neck muscles during sleep, and opposition of thoracic and abdominal movements during sleep. Cough weakness was defined by a peak cough flow &lt; 270 L\/min and\/or need for cough assist. Sleep apnea syndrome was defined by an apnea\u2013hypopnea index \u2a7e 15.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Notably, 71 MS patients were included: median age 54 [48, 61] years; median disease duration 21.4 [16.0, 31.4] years. Of these, 52 patients had one or more respiratory disorders; diaphragm dysfunction was the most frequent ( n = 34). Patients with diaphragm dysfunction and cough weakness were more disabled. The fatigue score and the cognitive evaluations did not differ between the groups. Five patients required non-invasive ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory disorders are frequent in severe MS, mostly diaphragm dysfunction. Of interest, instrumental interventions are available to address these disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585241238840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T23:35:15Z","timestamp":1711150515000},"page":"726-737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical correlates of respiratory disorders in patients with severe multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional cohort"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7699-0328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Maillart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Paris, 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