{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:21:42Z","timestamp":1787584902640,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014480","name":"Horizon Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014480","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective is to determine the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on time from symptom onset to diagnosis and annualized relapse rate (ARR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neighborhood disadvantage were captured with the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a validated measure of neighborhood-level disadvantage. Negative binomial regression models assessed the impact of ADI on diagnostic delay (\u2a7e3 months between symptom onset and diagnosis) and ARR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 158 NMOSD patients were identified, a majority of whom were White (56.3%) and female (89.9%) with a mean age of 46 years at diagnosis. The ADI did not significantly affect odds of diagnostic delay (odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, p = 0.26). In univariable models, the ADI was not significantly associated with ARR (OR = 1.004, p = 0.29), but non-White race (OR = 1.541, p = 0.02) and time on immunosuppressive therapies (ISTs; OR = 0.994, p = 0.03) were. White patients used IST for an average of 81% of the follow-up period, compared to an average of 65% for non-White patients ( p &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No significant relationship between neighborhood-level disadvantage and diagnostic delay or ARR in NMOSD patients was observed. Non-White patients had a higher ARR, which may be related to less IST use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585241267231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T07:14:22Z","timestamp":1722928462000},"page":"1322-1330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neighborhood disadvantage, race, and clinical outcomes in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"JR","family":"Abbatemarco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Aboseif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Swetlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Widmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kunchok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 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