{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:08:37Z","timestamp":1793138917378,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The age of multiple sclerosis (MS) onset coincides with fertile age, and both improved prognosis and treatment may influence birth rates in people with MS (pwMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate birth rates over time in pwMS compared with controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cohort study included pwMS from three hospitals in the southeast of Norway. Clinical data were collected prospectively. Statistics Norway provided year of live births and marital status in pwMS and controls matched for age, sex, and place of residence at age 16.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 1599 pwMS (1118 women with MS (wMS) and 481 men with MS (mMS)) and 23,855 controls. The mean number of live births was 1.5 (standard deviation (SD) 1.2) for pwMS versus 1.8 (SD 1.2) for controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Birth rates in wMS declined significantly starting 3 years before onset, with 4.5% giving birth versus 8.4% of controls 2 years before onset (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.046). Birth rates were also lower 1 year after onset (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002). mMS showed a dip 2 years before onset (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002), but otherwise had rates similar to controls. There were no differences in marital status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>wMS have reduced rates of childbirth compared with controls. This is significant already in the prodromal phase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251315077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T04:18:06Z","timestamp":1739765886000},"page":"398-407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Reduced childbirth rates in multiple sclerosis from the prodromal phase: Evidence from a population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9408-7199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia Smith","family":"Simonsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi \u00d8yen","family":"Flemmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Telemark HF, Skien, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9317-4901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Line","family":"Broch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3116-2259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamilla","family":"Brekke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vestfold Hospital, T\u00f8nsberg, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Myklebust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Berg-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathrine","family":"Brunborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Support Services, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9127-6488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth Gulowsen","family":"Celius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01473-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13925"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.3238"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10279-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00426-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102541"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807303390501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518816614"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.1.253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-330883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1214897"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006384"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"High prevalence of fatigue in contemporary patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Broch L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Broch L, Simonsen CS, Flemmen H, et al. High prevalence of fatigue in contemporary patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2021; 7(1): 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00550-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1017492"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518783662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.620772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09193-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000200222"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","unstructured":"Statistics Norway. 07872: Foreldrenes gjennomsnittlige f\u00f8dealder ved f\u00f8rste barns f\u00f8dsel 1961\u20132023. 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