{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:07:03Z","timestamp":1792447623686,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007013","name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) slowly expanding lesions (SELs) are defined on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as contiguous regions of pre-existing focal non-contrast-enhancing T2 lesions with constant and concentric local expansion on conventional T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. SELs are associated with an increased risk of disability progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Myelin-related changes detected using myelin water fraction (MWF) and magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) in SELs and T2 lesions were measured over 192 weeks in participants with relapsing MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In participants with SELs (SEL+), SELs (MWF: 0.12 \u00b1 0.03, MTR: 33.1 \u00b1 3.6 pu) showed reduced myelin measures at baseline compared to T2 lesions (MWF: 0.13 \u00b1 0.02, MTR: 35.1 \u00b1 2.4 pu). In participants without SELs (SEL\u2212), T2 lesions had higher myelin measures (MWF: 0.15 \u00b1 0.02, MTR: 36.2 \u00b1 2.0 pu) compared to T2 lesions in SEL+. Over 4 years, only SELs showed decreases in MWF (\u221211.4%). The percentage of abnormal voxels within normal-appearing white matter was higher in SEL+ and increased over time (SEL+ MWF Week 0: 0.56%, Week 192: 0.98%; SEL\u2212 MWF Week 0: 0.13%, Week 192: 0.25%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results indicate progressive focal and global demyelination in SEL+ participants and that the presence of SELs might be a biomarker for participants with ongoing diffuse or smouldering inflammation within the whole brain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251316519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T04:45:56Z","timestamp":1739508356000},"page":"418-432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Presence of slowly expanding lesions in multiple sclerosis predicts progressive demyelination within lesions and normal-appearing tissue over time"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9286-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Vavasour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3004-523X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colm","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroRx Research, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4266-0106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas L","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroRx Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5214-2858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Gaetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis AG, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Magon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"F. 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