{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:43:07Z","timestamp":1792068187256,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>B-cell-depleting therapies are increasingly being used to treat autoimmune diseases. Although thousands of patients are and have been treated with these agents, the data are not yet strong enough to identify rare side effects with certainty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report the case of a patient undergoing ocrelizumab therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis who developed a severe limbic syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autoimmune pathogenesis was initially suspected, with worsening on immunosuppressive therapy. Later, after diagnosis of an enterovirus infection, treatment with ribavirin and favipiravir in combination with intravenous immunoglobulins was initiated. After 4\u2009weeks of therapy, the patient\u2019s clinical condition had stabilized with residual cognitive deficits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnosis and treatment of enterovirus infections remain challenging, especially in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251322327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T03:19:36Z","timestamp":1740626376000},"page":"1258-1261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Severe coxsackie virus B5 encephalitis mimics autoimmune limbic encephalitis in a young woman under long-term B-cell depletion with ocrelizumab: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3311-2546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"St\u00f6gbauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Schegerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9081-597X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian K","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Schulz-Schaeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Fassbender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Naumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sulzbach Hospital, Sulzbach, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrun","family":"Smola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janina","family":"Eisenbeis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Bewarder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Rosar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kettner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Gilcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Diedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Center for Poliomyelitis and Enteroviruses, Robert-Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Fousse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-017-0557-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","article-title":"A rare case report of enterovirus (EV) encephalitis following rituximab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"94","author":"Sanjai S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sanjai S, Maha E, Thomas H. A rare case report of enterovirus (EV) encephalitis following rituximab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94: A57.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-021-01038-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40278-023-34503-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","article-title":"2676 Enterovirus infection post Ocrelizumab therapy","volume":"5","author":"Kwok S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kwok S, Jia J, Duggins A, et al. 2676 Enterovirus infection post Ocrelizumab therapy. BMJ Neurol Open 2023; 5(Suppl 1): A1\u2013A63.","journal-title":"BMJ Neurol Open"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Virale Meningoenzephalitis Leitlinien F\u00fcr Diagnostik Und Therapie in Der Neurologie 2018 www.awmf.org"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.930031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/527326"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585251322327","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585251322327","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585251322327","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:17:49Z","timestamp":1777695469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585251322327"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585251322327"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585251322327","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]}}}