{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T19:04:01Z","timestamp":1787598241782,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has not been reported in pediatric neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and rarely described in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report a case of PML in childhood-onset NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single retrospective case report.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine years after diagnosis of aquaporin-4 antibody positive NMOSD, a 17-year-old boy treated with rituximab presented with painless right visual loss over 6 weeks coinciding with CD19 repopulation. Acute relapse treatment was given but he continued to deteriorate, and JC virus was detected in cerebrospinal fluid confirming PML.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PML can occur in childhood-onset NMOSD and protracted clinical presentations with unusual radiological features should prompt JCV testing. Balancing effective immunosuppression while mitigating the risks of associated complications in long-term relapsing conditions remains a challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251331855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T06:38:00Z","timestamp":1745044680000},"page":"1604-1607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A first report of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in childhood-onset NMOSD"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4751-2102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pakeeran","family":"Siriratnam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Gosling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Birmingham Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneesh","family":"Bhojak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Child and Adolescent Health research, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Kneen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alder Hey Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangeline","family":"Wassmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Birmingham Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0980-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saif","family":"Huda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00339"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073274817729901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0b013e3182a78f82"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2fa1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1060696"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207622"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207443"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02506-10"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585251331855","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585251331855","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585251331855","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:18:13Z","timestamp":1777695493000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585251331855"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585251331855"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585251331855","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]}}}