{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:38:49Z","timestamp":1777937929415,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016018","name":"Universidad El Bosque","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PCI-2017-9583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCI-2017-9583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006071","name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Calls: for seed projects for doctoral students 202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Calls: for seed projects for doctoral students 202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Internationally, specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles have been associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To establish the association between HLA class II alleles and NMOSD in a Colombian population, while considering genetic ancestry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multicenter case\u2013control study was conducted with NMOSD patients diagnosed with the 2015 Wingerchuk criteria. HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles were identified using sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR). Mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 was amplified, and haplogroups were determined with HaploGrep software. Genomic ancestry was assessed with ancestry-informative markers. Associations between HLA polymorphisms and NMOSD were analyzed using logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 82 patients with NMOSD (mean age 43.8 \u00b1 13.3 years; 83% females) and 164 controls (mean age 36.4 \u00b1 11.5 years; 85% females) were enrolled. Mitochondrial haplogroup frequencies were similar between groups. Ancestry analysis revealed distinct population structures. In multivariable logistic regression, the HLA-DQB1*04 allele was significantly associated with increased NMOSD risk (odds ratio (OR) = 3.16, confidence interval (CI): 1.58\u20136.34,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0023), while the HLA-DQB1*03 allele was associated with a protective effect (OR = 0.23, CI: 0.12\u20130.46,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0023).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HLA-DQB1*04 allele may increase susceptibility to NMOSD, while DQB1*03 allele could exert a protective effect in our population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251336641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T08:05:04Z","timestamp":1748246704000},"page":"922-931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The association of HLA-DQB1*04 and DQB1*03 with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A case\u2013control study considering genetic ancestry"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jaime","family":"Toro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Fundaci\u00f3n Santa Fe de Bogot\u00e1, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, 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