{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T04:13:48Z","timestamp":1793160828270,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The impact of pregnancy on disease outcomes has not been characterised in women with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) phenotypes. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and disease course of women who experienced a pregnancy after a diagnosis of primary progressive MS (PPMS) or secondary progressive MS (SPMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicentre observational cohort study utilised data from the international MSBase Registry extracted on 2 June 2024. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores of women with progressive MS were assessed up to 10\u2009years postpartum and compared to those of propensity score\u2013matched women with progressive MS without a pregnancy history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 138 women with 164 pregnancies were included in the study, comprising 75 women with PPMS and 63 with SPMS. Of these, 24 women with PPMS and 47 with SPMS had longitudinal peri-pregnancy EDSS assessments and were included in the analysis of disability scores. A history of pregnancy was not associated with a significant difference in long-term disability trajectories in women with either PPMS (estimate\u2009=\u2009\u22120.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) = \u22120.07 to 0.04) or SPMS (estimate\u2009=\u20090.00; 95% CI = \u22120.02 to 0.03).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A history of pregnancy is not associated with a significant difference in long-term disability in women with progressive MS symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251368248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T11:16:58Z","timestamp":1758367018000},"page":"1439-1451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Disease course after pregnancy in women with progressive multiple sclerosis symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2988-7525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Shipley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi N","family":"Beadnall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul G","family":"Sanfilippo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1915-0036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana","family":"Horakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cavit","family":"Boz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Prat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CHUM), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serkan","family":"Ozakbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Izmir University of Economics, Medical Point Hospital, Izmir, Turkey"},{"name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Association, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3778-1376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Kalincik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"CORe, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0371-3666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izanne","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"CORe, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayse","family":"Altintas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Ko\u00e7 University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Ko\u00e7 University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Eichau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Skibina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raed","family":"Alroughani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6923-0846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Patti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Multiple Sclerosis Unit, AOU Policlinico G Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Etemadifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Dr. Etemadifar MS Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2902-5589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Lugaresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomedieche e Neuromotorie, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Bologna, Italia"},{"name":"IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Tomassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d\u2019Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"Centre for Rehabilitation, Disability and Sport Medicine (CARES), Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy"},{"name":"MS Centre, Clinical Neurology, SS Annunziata University Hospital, Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Butzkueven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4278-7003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anneke","family":"van der Walt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3942-4340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilija G","family":"Jokubaitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00289-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000560"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286420936166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.100977"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.9.1138"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285616631897"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-330533"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000959"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000206774"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513507816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17020234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2014.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.160911"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10093-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24682"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000338847"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa185"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.04.007"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","first-page":"104918","article-title":"Peripartum disease activity in moderately and severely disabled women with multiple sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Ostrem BL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ostrem BL, Anderson A, Conway S, et al. 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