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Participants underwent matched serum and 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including brain volumetrics, brain-predicted age, cortical lesions (CL), central vein sign (CVS), paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), and enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) assessments.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values were false discovery rate corrected (pFDR), and regression models adjusted for energy intake and potential confounders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants (66% women, 72% relapsing-remitting MS) had a median age of 42 years (interquartile range (IQR) = 20), disease duration of 9 years (20), body mass index (BMI) of 22.8 (5.3) kg\/m\u00b2, and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) of 2 (2.5). Saturated and trans-fatty acids intake were positively associated with anxiety symptoms (\u03b2 = 0.39, pFDR = 0.02; \u03b2 = 13.09, pFDR = 0.03, respectively).Alcohol intake was positively associated with EPVS score (\u03b2 = 0.02, pFDR = 0.01), whereas trans-fatty acid intake was positively associated with CL count (\u03b2 = 17.50, pFDR = 0.04) and PRL volume (\u03b2 = 3251.37, pFDR = 0.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher intake of saturated and trans-fatty acids and alcohol was associated with biomarkers of chronic inflammation and neurovascular dysfunction, suggesting a potential role in MS progression. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to establish causality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251405695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T11:58:22Z","timestamp":1766750302000},"page":"69-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dietary habits and advanced imaging\/laboratory markers in multiple sclerosis: An exploratory cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3186-1562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Borrelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroinflammation Imaging Lab (NIL), Institute of NeuroScience, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, H\u00f4pital Erasme, H\u00f4pital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Brussels, 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Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Vanden Bulcke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroinflammation Imaging Lab (NIL), Institute of NeuroScience, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Bayart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinique St-Pierre, Ottignies, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2022-9959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthieu","family":"Deltombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience, 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