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Glial activation was quantified using the distribution volume ratio (DVR). Multivariable regression models were used to identify predictors of baseline SDMT and subsequent change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) radial diffusivity (estimate [95% confidence interval (CI)] \u2212129 [\u2212214, \u221244]), thalamic DVR (\u221252.5 [\u221294.8, \u221210.2]) and age (\u22120.57 [\u22121.07, \u22120.06]) explained 41% of baseline SDMT variance. NAWM DVR was the strongest predictor of SDMT change, explaining 53% of variance when adjusted for baseline SDMT (\u22126.23 [\u22128.55, \u22123.91]). A model including lesion rim DVR (odds ratio 1.36 [1.06, 1.73]) and baseline SDMT (1.18 [1.01, 1.37]) predicted SDMT decline with 73% sensitivity and 83% specificity (area under the curve [AUC]\u2009=\u20090.85).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diffuse neuroinflammation in the NAWM is associated with future SDMT change, suggesting a potential role for chronic glial activation in IPS deterioration in MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585261446839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T07:51:03Z","timestamp":1780213863000},"page":"1193-1204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TSPO-PET-measurable neuroinflammation associates with information processing speed decline in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3424-5976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maija","family":"Saraste","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku and \u00c5bo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; 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