{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T10:02:54Z","timestamp":1780135374141,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Helen Tremlett RG5063A4\/1\/RFA-2103-37392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Helen Tremlett RG5063A4\/1\/RFA-2103-37392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000261","name":"MS Canada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Helen Tremlett EGID:P002\/903124\/3743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Helen Tremlett EGID:P002\/903124\/3743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few studies assessed drug dispensations for periods &gt;5\u2009years pre-multiple sclerosis (MS) onset or examined the time pre-MS symptom onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to examine prescription drug dispensations up to 15\u2009years pre-MS symptom onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Matched cohort study linking prescription, clinical and administrative data, 1996\u20132018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1243\/6212 MS\/non-MS persons, those with MS had higher dispensation rate ratios (RRs) pre-onset for systemic antibacterials up to 15\u2009years (RR (range) = 1.15\u20131.30;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">q<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values (range) = 0.11\u20130.31), airway drugs up to 8\u2009years (RR (range) = 1.49\u20131.71;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">q<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values (range) = 0.26\u20130.35), sex hormones (females only) up to 7\u2009years (RR (range) = 1.19\u20131.46;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">q<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values (range) = 0.26\u20130.39) and psychoanaleptics up to 6\u2009years (RR (range) = 1.36\u20131.59;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">q<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values (range) = 0.09\u20130.31), but lower beta-blockers (years 13\u201314 pre-onset, RRs\u2009=\u20090.10;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">q<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values (range) = &lt;0.00001\u20130.31). After multiple-comparison adjustment, beta-blockers remained significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Drug dispensations differed up to 15\u2009years pre-MS onset and may reflect early disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585261450813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T07:31:12Z","timestamp":1779867072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prescription drug dispensations 15 years before multiple sclerosis onset: A matched cohort study, British Columbia, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0857-0684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Ruiz-Alguer\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), UBC Hospital, University of British Columbia and The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3426-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seid Mussa","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), UBC Hospital, University of British Columbia and The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), UBC Hospital, University of British Columbia and The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinshan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), UBC Hospital, University of British Columbia and The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1855-5595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth Ann","family":"Marrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (Neurology), Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Departments of Medicine and Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, NS, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5804-2535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Tremlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (Neurology), UBC Hospital, University of British Columbia and The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52267"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518783662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106366"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.24635"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515588973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51945"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516681198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251315077"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585261450813","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585261450813","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585261450813","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:51:08Z","timestamp":1780134668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585261450813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585261450813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585261450813","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"article-number":"13524585261450813"}}