{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T06:06:03Z","timestamp":1784700363240,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monitoring radiologic disease activity (RDA) is standard of care in multiple sclerosis (MS) because new lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are associated with adverse outcomes and frequently prompt treatment reassessment and optimization. Coregistration-fusion comparison (CF) is more sensitive than conventional side-by-side comparison (CS) for detecting new lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To apply CF to identify CS-missed RDA on brain MRIs originally reported as \u201cstable\u201d and to evaluate whether CS-missed RDA predicts future disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective cohort included 314 people with MS (pwMS) with three consecutive brain MRIs: previous MRI (t\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), index MRI (t\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; reported \u201cstable\u201d on CS), and subsequent MRI (t\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). CF was applied to three-dimensional Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) to identify CS-missed new lesions on t\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      versus t\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Future RDA was defined as \u2a7e1 new lesion on t\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      versus t\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Clinical disease activity (CDA) was defined as clinical relapse and\/or confirmed disability progression during follow-up after t\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CF identified 183 CS-missed new lesions in 65\/314 pwMS (20.7%). Future RDA (70.8% vs. 16.1%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and CDA (20.0% vs. 10.0%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028) were more frequent in the CS-missed lesion group. Relapse and disability progression, when analyzed separately, did not differ between groups. CS-missed RDA independently predicted future RDA (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)\u2009=\u200910.43; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20095.31\u201320.46,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and CDA (aOR\u2009=\u20092.49; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.10\u20135.65,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029). Each additional missed lesion at t\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      was associated with more new lesions at t\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      (incidence rate ratio (IRR)\u2009=\u20091.205; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.184\u20131.226,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CF reclassified one in five pwMS reported as \u201cstable\u201d on CS as having CS-missed RDA, which predicted future disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585261453816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:56:59Z","timestamp":1782910619000},"page":"938-949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Missed radiologic disease activity by conventional side-by-side MRI comparison is associated with future disease activity in multiple sclerosis: Adopting semiautomated coregistration-fusion into clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8171-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suradech","family":"Suthiphosuwan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy Reynold","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fasna","family":"Raufdeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minth","family":"Punpichet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiology, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shobhit","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingming Amy","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Bharatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwon","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30498-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1401483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00095-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-017-0453-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.250069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512460605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70103-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251316471"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2020.66"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5486"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520936823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5690"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"1624","article-title":"PACS integration of semiautomated imaging software improves day-to-day MS disease activity detection","volume":"40","author":"Dahan A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dahan A, Pereira R, Malpas CB, et al. PACS integration of semiautomated imaging software improves day-to-day MS disease activity detection. 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