{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:20:05Z","timestamp":1789154405104,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ocrelizumab is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that is highly effective in multiple sclerosis (MS) but is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections that may be difficult to diagnose. We report three MS patients treated with ocrelizumab who developed severe meningoradiculitis. Routine investigations failed to identify any pathogen, whereas metatranscriptomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) detected\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia miyamotoi<\/jats:italic>\n                    RNA. All patients improved after appropriate antibiotic therapy.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. miyamotoi<\/jats:italic>\n                    should be considered in anti-CD20\u2013treated MS patients presenting with meningoradiculitis, and CSF metatranscriptomics should be used to investigate undiagnosed central or peripheral nervous system infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Ocrelizumab is a highly effective treatment widely used in MS but has been associated with an increased risk of infection. We report three cases of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. miyamotoi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections in patients receiving ocrelizumab in which routine laboratory tests failed to detect the pathogen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585261473068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:17:53Z","timestamp":1785831473000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>Borrelia miyamotoi<\/i>\n                    meningoradiculitis complicating ocrelizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: A report of three cases"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6527-3259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Nicolas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Scl\u00e9rose en Plaques, Pathologies de la My\u00e9line et Neuro-inflammation, H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Centre de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence des maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle (MIRCEM), H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Lyon 1 Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ysoline","family":"Beigneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute\u2013ICM, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Guennoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, Centre de Resssource et Competence Scl\u00e9rose En Plaques, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Destras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenEPII sequencing platform, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Mossad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute\u2013ICM, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonin","family":"Bal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenEPII sequencing platform, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Talagrand-Reboul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de Reference des Borrelia, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, UR3073-Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Center for Metagenomics, GenoBioMICs Platform, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Cappy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Center for Metagenomics, GenoBioMICs Platform, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Gubavu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre hospitalier r\u00e9gional d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Marignier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Scl\u00e9rose en Plaques, Pathologies de la My\u00e9line et Neuro-inflammation, H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Centre de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence des maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle (MIRCEM), H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Lyon 1 Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7337-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Vukusic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Scl\u00e9rose en Plaques, Pathologies de la My\u00e9line et Neuro-inflammation, H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Centre de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence des maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle (MIRCEM), H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Lyon 1 Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Jarraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenEPII sequencing platform, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7699-0328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Maillart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute\u2013ICM, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Josset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenEPII sequencing platform, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Pourcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10020245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.101474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(22)00157-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12020267"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1209039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61644-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2209.152034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc2004996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2510.190416"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585261473068","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585261473068","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585261473068","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T16:26:17Z","timestamp":1786033577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585261473068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"references-count":9,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585261473068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585261473068","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"article-number":"13524585261473068"}}