{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T17:46:38Z","timestamp":1791740798667,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Available literature shows a marginal or no effect of disease-modifying therapies on paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), a promising magnetic resonance imaging marker of chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate longitudinal changes in PRL count in people with multiple sclerosis treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT), exploring their potential as predictors of treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monocentric study including 30 AHSCT\u2013treated people with multiple sclerosis who performed at least two brain magnetic resonance imaging scans with susceptibility-weighted imaging either (i) before and after AHSCT (pre\/post-AHSCT group; n\u2009=\u200912) or (ii) after AHSCT only (post-AHSCT group; n\u2009=\u200918).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the pre\/post-AHSCT group, PRL count decreased in 2\/5 (40%) PRL\u2013positive cases over a median of 21 (7\u201374) months; 5\/26 (19%) PRL s resolved. In the post-AHSCT group, PRL count decreased in 4\/7 (57%) PRL \u2013positive cases over a median of 51 (6\u201357) months; 10\/20 (50%) PRL s resolved. The annualised paramagnetic rim lesion disappearance rate was \u22120.36 and \u22120.43 in the two groups, respectively. No new PRL appeared. Baseline PRL count correlated with disability in the pre\/post-AHSCT group only (r\u2009=\u20090.741, p\u2009=\u20090.006).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the reported long persistence of PRLs, these data indicate that AHSCT may accelerate their disappearance, suggesting an effect within the central nervous system on microglia\/macrophages. PRLs could predict response to central nervous system-bioavailable treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585261489061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:25:01Z","timestamp":1791458701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation affects paramagnetic rim lesions in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1869-7067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Mariottini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Urgent Neurology Department, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ginestroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Carlesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Di Pasquale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Simonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linhsia","family":"Noferini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Physics Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Gozzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Costantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Repice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urgent Neurology Department, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2628-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Fainardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Nozzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Massacesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Urgent Neurology Department, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuhlmann T Ludwin S Prat A et al. 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