{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:38:45Z","timestamp":1791895125507,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]],"date-time":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":852076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Health Serv Res Policy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 36 item short form health survey (SF-36) has proved to be of use in a variety of settings where a short generic health measure of patient-assessed outcome is required. This measure can provide an eight dimension profile of health status, and two summary scores assessing physical function and mental well-being. The developers of the SF-36 in America have developed algorithms to yield the two summary component scores in a questionnaire containing only one-third of the original 36 items, the SF-12. This paper documents the construction of the UK SF-12 summary measures from a large-scale dataset from the UK in which the SF-36, together with other questions on health and lifestyles, was sent to randomly selected members of the population. Using these data we attempt here to replicate the findings of the SF-36 developers in the UK setting, and then to assess the use of SF-12 summary scores in a variety of clinical conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Factor analytical methods were used to derive the weights used to construct the physical and mental component scales from the SF-36. Regression methods were used to weight the 12 items recommended by the developers to construct the SF-12 physical and mental component scores. This analysis was undertaken on a large community sample ( n = 9332), and then the results of the SF-36 and SF-12 were compared across diverse patient groups (Parkinson's disease, congestive heart failure, sleep apnoea, benign prostatic hypertrophy).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Factor analysis of the SF-36 produced a two factor solution. The factor loadings were used to weight the physical component summary score (PCS-36) and mental component summary score (MCS-36). Results gained from the use of these measures were compared with results gained from the PCS-12 and MCS-12, and were found to be highly correlated (PCS: \u03c1 = 0.94, p &lt; 0.001; MCS: \u03c1 = 0.96, p &lt; 0.001), and produce remarkably similar results, both in the community sample and across a variety of patient groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SF-12 is able to produce the two summary scales originally developed from the SF-36 with considerable accuracy and yet with far less respondent burden. Consequently, the SF-12 may be an instrument of choice where a short generic measure providing summary information on physical and mental health status is required. Crispin Jenkinson DPhil, Deputy Director<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/135581969700200105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T10:54:30Z","timestamp":1517482470000},"page":"14-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":397,"title":["Development and Testing of the UK SF-12"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Crispin","family":"Jenkinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Research Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Layte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Research Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-135581969700200105","volume-title":"SF-36 health survey manual and interpretation guide","author":"Ware J E","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr2-135581969700200105","volume-title":"The UK SF-36: An analysis and interpretation manual","author":"Jenkinson C","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr3-135581969700200105","volume-title":"SF-36 physical and mental summary scales: A user's manual","author":"Ware J E","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr4-135581969700200105","first-page":"AS264","volume":"33","author":"Ware J E","year":"1995","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"bibr5-135581969700200105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003"},{"key":"bibr6-135581969700200105","volume-title":"SF-12 How to score the SF-12 physical and mental health summary scales","author":"Ware J E","year":"1994","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr7-135581969700200105","first-page":"2","volume":"4","author":"Ware J E","year":"1996","journal-title":"Medical Outcomes Trust Bulletin"},{"key":"bibr8-135581969700200105","volume-title":"Health and lifestyles in the Oxford region","author":"Wright L","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr9-135581969700200105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/24.6.505"},{"key":"bibr10-135581969700200105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80380-X"},{"key":"bibr11-135581969700200105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024461"},{"key":"bibr12-135581969700200105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4730020304"},{"key":"bibr13-135581969700200105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6890.1437"},{"key":"bibr14-135581969700200105","volume-title":"Quality of life measurement in health care. A review of measures and population norms for the UK SF-36","author":"Jenkinson C","year":"1993"}],"container-title":["Journal of Health Services Research &amp; Policy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/135581969700200105","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/135581969700200105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:45:57Z","timestamp":1777452357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/135581969700200105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/135581969700200105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/135581969700200105","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-8196","1758-1060"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-8196","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1060","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]}}}