{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:04:46Z","timestamp":1790143486670,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704758400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong SAR","award":["Research Impact Fund \/No. R5028-20F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research Impact Fund \/No. R5028-20F"]}]},{"name":"Caspar Health Limited","award":["No. ZDBD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. ZDBD"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Telemed Telecare"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging literature suggests that wearable devices offer a promising option for self-directed home-based upper limb training for persons with stroke. However, little research is available to explore integrating smartphone applications with wearable devices to provide upper limb telerehabilitation to stroke survivors at home. This study examined the feasibility and potential therapeutic effects of a wearable device integrated with a smartphone-based telerehabilitation system to provide upper limb rehabilitation to stroke survivors at home.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve stroke survivors from community support groups participated in a treatment consisting of 4-week telerehabilitation using a wearable device and 4-week conventional therapy successively in a single-blind, randomised crossover study. A 3-week washout period was administered between the two 4-week treatments. The primary outcome measures were the Fugl Meyer Assessment, the Action Research Arm Test, and the active range of motion (ROM) of the upper limb. Secondary outcome measures included the Motor Activity Log and exercise adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results showed that the active ROM of participants\u2019 hemiplegic shoulder improved more significantly after 4 weeks of telerehabilitation with the wearable device than with conventional therapy. No significant differences were found in other outcome measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 4-week telerehabilitation programme using a wearable device improves the hemiplegic upper limb in community-dwelling stroke survivors and may be feasible as an effective intervention for self-directed upper limb rehabilitation at home.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633x231222297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T01:10:30Z","timestamp":1704849030000},"page":"796-806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["\u2018Smart reminder\u2019: A feasibility pilot study on the effects of a wearable device treatment on the hemiplegic upper limb in persons with stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7911-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fong Mei","family":"Toh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"name":"Yishun Community Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winnie WT","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo Cruz","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5909-4847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth NK","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70029-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke","volume":"11","author":"Pollock A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pollock A, Farmer SE, Brady MC, et al. Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 11: 1\u2013138.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215504cr843oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215519834720"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Self management programmes for quality of life in people with stroke","volume":"2016","author":"Fryer CE","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fryer CE, Luker JA, McDonnell MN, et al. Self management programmes for quality of life in people with stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 2016(8): 1\u201372.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.544585"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968316680490"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X19868905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-019-0612-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/15981"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Wearable technologies for active living and rehabilitation: Current research challenges and future opportunities","volume":"6","author":"Rodgers MM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodgers MM, Alon G, Pai VM, et al. Wearable technologies for active living and rehabilitation: Current research challenges and future opportunities. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2019; 6: 1\u20138.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-017-0229-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1957027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-3774-7"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","article-title":"The role of augmented feedback on motor learning: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Moinuddin A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moinuddin A, Goel A, Sethi Y. The role of augmented feedback on motor learning: A systematic review. Cureus 2021; 13(11): e19695.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280500534937"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2882235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2018.1493759"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17216"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968320926162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-020-00740-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-021-00813-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7595639"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511545078.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/games.6773"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-016-0182-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2023.3252880"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","unstructured":"Laura S. Smartphone ownership is growing rapidly around the world but not always equally. Pew Research Center 2019 retrieved on 20 Dec 2023 from https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/global\/2019\/02\/05\/smartphone-ownership-is-growing-rapidly-around-the-world-but-not-always-equally\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10400435.2019.1611676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076231153737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-1861(09)70025-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c332"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00259"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.06.0109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-198112000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","first-page":"18","article-title":"Motor activity log (mal) manual","volume":"1","author":"Taub E","year":"2011","unstructured":"Taub E, McCulloch K, Uswatte G, et al. Motor activity log (mal) manual. UAB Train. CI Ther. 2011; 1: 18.","journal-title":"UAB Train. CI Ther."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-021-00819-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","first-page":"276","article-title":"On the proper use of the crossover design in clinical trials: Part 18 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications","volume":"109","author":"Wellek S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wellek S, Blettner M. On the proper use of the crossover design in clinical trials: Part 18 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2012; 109: 276.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","first-page":"275","article-title":"Remind to move\u2013A novel treatment on hemiplegic arm functions in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A randomized cross-over study","volume":"19","author":"Dong AQV","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dong AQV, Fong NKK. Remind to move\u2013A novel treatment on hemiplegic arm functions in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A randomized cross-over study. Dev Neurorehabil 2016; 19: 275\u2013283.","journal-title":"Dev Neurorehabil"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511427414"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (rev ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1988","volume":"67","author":"Lindner R","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lindner R, Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (rev ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1988. Percept Mot Skills 1988; 67: 1007\u20131007.","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-012-0333-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968306298414"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638281003734359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2019.00074"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2010.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90059-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2735"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-11-67"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.032409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.004695"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2020.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-319954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0276"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70305-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.21165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b17537"}],"container-title":["Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1357633X231222297","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1357633X231222297","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1357633X231222297","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:17:23Z","timestamp":1777691843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1357633X231222297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1357633X231222297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1357633x231222297","relation":{},"ISSN":["1357-633X","1758-1109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1357-633X","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]}}}