{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T08:46:58Z","timestamp":1791708418113,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Telemed Telecare"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the effect of individuals\u2019 anxiety toward AI-based health technologies on their attitudes toward the use of telemedicine services and to determine the mediating role of online privacy perception in this relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Designed within a quantitative research approach, the study employed a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through an online survey from 404 participants aged 18 years and older living in Istanbul, selected using convenience sampling. The Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale, the Telemedicine Service Attitude Scale, and the Online Privacy Perception Scale were used as data collection instruments. The reliability levels of the scales were found to be satisfactory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The findings showed that AI anxiety had a direct negative effect on attitudes toward telemedicine services, while also increasing online privacy perception. Online privacy perception negatively affected attitudes toward the use of telemedicine services. Mediation analysis indicated that online privacy perception had a significant and partial mediating role in the effect of AI anxiety on telemedicine use (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.651;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&lt;\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that individuals\u2019 psychological concerns and privacy-related perceptions are important determinants of the adoption of digital health services. Accordingly, reducing AI-related anxiety and strengthening privacy assurance may support more positive attitudes toward telemedicine services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633x261491790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:30:42Z","timestamp":1791459042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of anxiety toward AI-based health technologies on attitudes toward the use of telemedicine services: The mediating role of online privacy perception"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6670-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Yorulmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sel\u00e7uk University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5524-6065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nidanur","family":"Demirhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bilecik \u015eeyh Edebali University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2022.911634"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40685-020-00125-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JHOM-03-2024-0076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/INTR-09-2024-1462"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2024.1349668"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploring the benefits of artificial intelligence in enhancing learning, accessibility, and teaching efficiency","volume":"1","author":"Sain ZH.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sain ZH. Exploring the benefits of artificial intelligence in enhancing learning, accessibility, and teaching efficiency. SSR J Artif Intell 2024; 1: 1\u20137.","journal-title":"SSR J Artif Intell"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2024.105780"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17093006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0117450179279732231211110248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003247128-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08874417.2025.2551576"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"1077","volume-title":"The economics of privacy","author":"Miller AR.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miller AR. Privacy of digital health information. In: The economics of privacy. University of Chicago Press, 2022, pp.1077\u20131093."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2025.100593"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/63295"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-025-02559-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1748797"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-03196-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076261450812"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/aim.2023.96"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-021-00687-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","first-page":"105","article-title":"The impact of mental well-being on healthcare workers\u2019 anxiety levels regarding artificial \u0131ntelligence","volume":"6","author":"Filiz M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Filiz M, Karag\u00f6z Y. The impact of mental well-being on healthcare workers\u2019 anxiety levels regarding artificial \u0131ntelligence. J Pro Health Res 2024; 6: 105\u2013114.","journal-title":"J Pro Health Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-024-02631-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in medicine and ethics","volume":"1","author":"G\u00fcvercin CH.","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00fcvercin CH. Artificial intelligence in medicine and ethics. Yapay Zeka ve T\u0131p Eti\u011fi 2020; 1: 7\u201313.","journal-title":"Yapay Zeka ve T\u0131p Eti\u011fi"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-024-02059-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2017-000101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","unstructured":"Rajpurkar P Irvin J Zhu K et al. CheXNet: radiologist-level pneumonia detection on chest X-rays with deep learning. arXiv. 2017;1711.05225."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","volume-title":"Deep medicine: how artificial intelligence can make healthcare human again","author":"Topol E.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Topol E. Deep medicine: how artificial intelligence can make healthcare human again. Basic Books, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2017.2767063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/futurehosp.6-2-94"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax2342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2020.1743181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Artificial intelligence anxiety (AIA) scale: adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study","volume":"5","author":"Akkaya B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akkaya B, \u00d6zkan A, \u00d6zkan H. Artificial intelligence anxiety (AIA) scale: adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study. Alanya Acad Rev J 2021; 5: 1125\u20131146.","journal-title":"Alanya Acad Rev J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"297","article-title":"Developing online privacy awareness scale: reliability and validity study","volume":"6","author":"Korkmaz \u00d6","year":"2021","unstructured":"Korkmaz \u00d6, Vergili M, Karada\u015f E. Developing online privacy awareness scale: reliability and validity study. Turk J Sci Res 2021; 6: 297\u2013311.","journal-title":"Turk J Sci Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X261457773"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1040.0032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1060.0080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa1465"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638237.2025.2595612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","unstructured":"Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). Statistics data portal: population and demography. Ankara: TurkStat https:\/\/data.tuik.gov.tr\/ (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","volume-title":"Scientific research method","author":"Karasar N.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karasar N. Scientific research method. Nobel Publishing, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2019.1674887"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2023.0189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076221116772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-024-01066-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","first-page":"981","article-title":"Privacy and security concerns in telehealth","volume":"16","author":"Hale TM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hale TM, Kvedar JC. Privacy and security concerns in telehealth. Virtual Mentor 2014; 16: 981\u2013985.","journal-title":"Virtual Mentor"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","first-page":"1165","article-title":"The effect of digital well-being on artificial intelligence anxiety and job satisfaction: a research on academics","volume":"15","author":"Uluda\u011f D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Uluda\u011f D, Soyer M, Ceyhan S. The effect of digital well-being on artificial intelligence anxiety and job satisfaction: a research on academics. SDU Visionary J 2024; 15: 1165\u20131180.","journal-title":"SDU Visionary J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5336\/healthsci.2024-104224"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","first-page":"127","article-title":"The effect of healthcare workers\u2019 online privacy awareness on artificial intelligence anxiety: the case of Ankara City Hospitals","volume":"7","author":"Karaku\u015f A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Karaku\u015f A, \u00d6niz C. The effect of healthcare workers\u2019 online privacy awareness on artificial intelligence anxiety: the case of Ankara City Hospitals. J Health Soc Welf Res 2025; 7: 127\u2013141.","journal-title":"J Health Soc Welf Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-03265-9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1357633X261491790","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1357633X261491790","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1357633X261491790","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T08:19:18Z","timestamp":1791706758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1357633X261491790"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1357633X261491790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1357633x261491790","relation":{},"ISSN":["1357-633X","1758-1109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1357-633X","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"article-number":"1357633X261491790"}}