{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:11:27Z","timestamp":1790230287257,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vasc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We determined whether more adverse calf muscle characteristics and poorer peripheral nerve function were associated with impairments in self-perceived physical functioning and walking ability in persons with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Participants included 462 persons with PAD; measures included the ankle\u2014brachial index (ABI), medical history, electrophysiologic characteristics of nerves, and computed tomography of calf muscle. Self-perceived physical functioning and walking ability were assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ). Results were adjusted for age, sex, race, ABI, body mass index, comorbidities, and other confounders. Lower calf muscle area was associated with a poorer SF-36 physical function (PF) score (overall p-trend &lt; 0.001, 33.76 PF score for the lowest quartile versus 59.74 for the highest, pairwise p &lt; 0.001) and a poorer WIQ walking distance score ( p-trend = 0.001, 29.71 WIQ score for the lowest quartile versus 48.43 for the highest, pairwise p &lt; 0.001). Higher calf muscle percent fat was associated with a poorer SF-36 PF score ( p-trend &lt; 0.001, 53.76 PF score for the lowest quartile versus 40.28 for the highest, pairwise p = 0.009). Slower peroneal nerve conduction velocity was associated with a poorer WIQ speed score ( p-trend = 0.023, 30.49 WIQ score for the lowest quartile versus 40.48 for the highest, pairwise p = 0.031). In summary, adverse calf muscle characteristics and poorer peripheral nerve function are associated significantly and independently with impairments in self-perceived physical functioning and walking ability in PAD persons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863x10395656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]],"date-time":"2011-04-06T10:23:09Z","timestamp":1302085389000},"page":"3-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Associations of calf skeletal muscle characteristics and peripheral nerve function with self-perceived physical functioning and walking ability in persons with peripheral artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Natalie S","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Criqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ferrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack M","family":"Guralnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Lu Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Yihua Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary M","family":"McDermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2006.12.010"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.8.884"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.20527.x"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1999.00309.x"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01092.x"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.18.1986"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.13.1599"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.3.837"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi167"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.3.538"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.04.044"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X9600100112"},{"key":"atypb13","first-page":"645","volume":"27","author":"Rose GA","year":"1962","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"41","key":"atypb14","first-page":"1","volume":"16","author":"Hyvarinen S.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Clin Res"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"1","volume":"80","author":"Lindbom A.","year":"1950","journal-title":"Acta Radiol Suppl"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52113.x"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.85.1.115"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.21.2.109"},{"key":"atypb19","first-page":"9","author":"Lambert EH","year":"1962","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"265","volume":"86","author":"Magladery JW","year":"1950","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp"},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"The Women\u2019s Health and Aging Study: health and social characteristics of older women with disability. 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