{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:10:58Z","timestamp":1777936258577,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vasc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The clinical implications of low vitamin D in peripheral artery disease (PAD) are unknown. We hypothesized that among individuals with PAD, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D would be associated with poorer functional performance, more adverse calf muscle characteristics, and poorer peripheral nerve function. Participants were 402 men and women with PAD who underwent measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (DiaSorin radioimmunoassay) along with 6-minute walk testing, measurement of walking velocity at usual and fastest pace, computed tomography-measured calf muscle density, and peripheral nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Among PAD participants, 20.4% had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels &lt; 30 nmol\/L, consistent with deficient vitamin D status. Adjusting for age, sex, and race, lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with poorer 6-minute walk performance ( p trend = 0.002), slower usual-paced 4-meter walking velocity ( p trend = 0.031), slower fast-paced 4-meter walking velocity ( p trend = 0.043), and lower calf muscle density ( p trend = 0.031). After additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and diabetes, none of these associations remained statistically significant. However, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with poorer peroneal NCV ( p trend = 0.013) and poorer sural NCV ( p trend = 0.039), even after adjusting for age, sex, race, BMI, comorbidities, smoking, physical activity, and other confounders. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is common among people with PAD encountered in clinical settings. After adjusting for BMI and diabetes mellitus, we found no significant associations of lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with poorer functional performance or calf muscle characteristics. Associations of low vitamin D levels with poorer peripheral nerve function require further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863x12448457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,20]],"date-time":"2012-07-20T07:06:57Z","timestamp":1342768017000},"page":"294-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Vitamin D status and functional performance in peripheral artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mary M","family":"McDermott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ferrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Research Policy, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Guralnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Van Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yihua","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melina","family":"Kibbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Northwestern University\u2019s Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Criqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1358863X12448457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.604"},{"key":"bibr2-1358863X12448457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)39433-4"},{"key":"bibr3-1358863X12448457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017535728844"},{"key":"bibr4-1358863X12448457","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-119-5-2214"},{"key":"bibr5-1358863X12448457","unstructured":"Cranney A, Horsley T, O\u2019Donnell S, Effectiveness and safety of vitamin D in relation to bone health. 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