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Sixty participants were recruited into two groups: a PAD group ( n=31), ankle\u2013brachial index (ABI) \u2a7d0.90 and a normal ABI group ( n=29), ABI 1.0\u20131.4. PAD participants were older (68.6 vs 61.8 years, p=0.037), more commonly men (68% vs 38%, p=0.02), and with more cardiovascular risk factors ( p&lt;0.001). Galectin-3 was 22% higher in PAD participants (mean\u00b1SD: 17.6\u00b14.7 vs 14.4\u00b14.1 ng\/mL, p&lt;0.01). The odds ratio for galectin-3 in PAD to be 1 ng\/mL higher than the participants with normal ABI was 1.19, after adjusting by age and gender ( p=0.014). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) were positively associated with galectin-3 in the age- and gender-adjusted model, while arterial elasticity and microalbuminuria were not. In conclusion, galectin-3 levels were higher in participants with PAD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863x16644059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]],"date-time":"2016-05-07T20:37:59Z","timestamp":1462653479000},"page":"437-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Differences in galectin-3, a biomarker of fibrosis, between participants with peripheral artery disease and participants with normal ankle\u2013brachial index"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ana I","family":"Casanegra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Medicine Program, Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A","family":"Stoner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso J","family":"Tafur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Medicine, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H Anne","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell Biology and Department of Pathology, Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suman W","family":"Rathbun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Medicine Program, Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew W","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. 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