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Management can be challenging due to the difficult balance between reducing thrombotic burden and life-threatening hemorrhage that can result from aggressive anticoagulation. Furthermore, surgical interventions are associated with high mortality, making conservative management more desirable. We report a case of SIVR with retroperitoneal hematoma and concurrent MTS that was successfully managed using conservative measures. We further provide a narrative review of the current literature addressing the diagnosis, management, and outcome of SIVR focusing on cases with concurrent MTS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863x231175697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T05:06:09Z","timestamp":1685423169000},"page":"361-367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spontaneous iliac vein rupture and thrombosis in patients with May\u2013Thurner syndrome: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2284-1938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nedaa","family":"Skeik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Vascular &amp; Endovascular Surgery, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA"},{"name":"Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5273-9320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Adamek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minneapolis Heart Institute Research Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Manunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Vascular &amp; Endovascular Surgery, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA"},{"name":"Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2010.06.102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(96)70106-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5758\/vsi.2015.31.2.62"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.2002.1940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000331975700800505"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4174\/jkss.2011.81.Suppl1.S82"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10016-006-9003-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvscit.2021.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2003.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2012.11928834"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14707"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/69371933"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004739"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"7079307","article-title":"May-Thurner syndrome with large abdominal varicosity, treated successfully using multiple approaches","volume":"2019","author":"Jia L","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jia L, Alexander J, Skeik N. 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