{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T08:32:04Z","timestamp":1786609924111,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vasc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may promote arterial matrix remodeling via the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) signaling. Skin autofluorescence estimates tissue AGE burden. We examined whether skin autofluorescence relates to circulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in asymptomatic adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a cross-sectional cohort of 262 asymptomatic adults, skin autofluorescence was measured with the AGE Reader. Plasma concentrations of MMP-3, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and soluble RAGE (sRAGE) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Carotid intima\u2013media thickness (IMT) and plaque burden were quantified by ultrasound. Associations between skin autofluorescence and biomarkers were tested using multivariable linear regression with prespecified covariates; biomarker coefficients were scaled per 10 ng\/mL (hsCRP per 1 mg\/L).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Skin autofluorescence correlated with MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, hsCRP, and IMT\n                      <jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>\n                      (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and with IMT\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.008), but not with sRAGE. In multivariable models, skin autofluorescence remained independently associated with MMP-3 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), MMP-9 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.05), and TIMP-1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.049), but not hsCRP (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.41). Plaque-positive participants had higher skin autofluorescence, MMP-9, and hsCRP than those without plaques; MMP-9 and hsCRP were also higher in the high- versus intermediate-plaque group, whereas MMP-3 and TIMP-1 did not differ.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In asymptomatic adults, higher skin autofluorescence is independently associated with circulating MMP-3, MMP-9, and TIMP-1, and with early carotid atherosclerosis markers. Findings support a link between tissue glycation and arterial matrix remodeling and suggest that skin autofluorescence plus MMP-9 may offer a practical, noninvasive approach for early vascular risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863x261420325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T12:29:50Z","timestamp":1774960190000},"page":"474-481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Skin autofluorescence is associated with plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases in subjects without overt atherosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nynke A","family":"Jager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmy J","family":"Hinkema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joop D","family":"Lefrandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damiano","family":"Baldassarre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andries J","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Westra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douwe J","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5011-4124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clark J","family":"Zeebregts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.621854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-005-0688-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2009.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.1.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.302731"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-011-9805-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1519"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1451-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp496"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1988.01670060015008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.18.1837"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e32833e9259"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2006.8.523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574407307405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000239461.87113.0b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-1248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000343145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.210"}],"container-title":["Vascular 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