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As part of an NIMH-funded study of adolescent personality and its relation to psychopathology, randomly selected experienced licensed psychologists and psychiatrists used a Q-sort instrument to describe adolescents in their care, of whom 57 had been diagnosed with PD. Q-factor analysis yielded three personality subtypes: High Functioning\/Dysphoric, Emotionally Dysregulated, and Avoidant. The subtypes differed on axis I and II pathology, adaptive functioning, and developmental and family history variables. Personality constellations showed substantial incremental validity in predicting adaptive functioning above and beyond DSM-IV axis I diagnoses. The results resemble subtypes recently identified in adults and suggest that adolescents who present with panic symptoms are a heterogeneous group, whose personality needs to be considered in understanding and helping them clinically.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104510387572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]],"date-time":"2011-01-06T20:25:33Z","timestamp":1294345533000},"page":"551-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Personality subtypes in adolescents with panic disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Abigail D.","family":"Powers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in Saint Louis, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Drew","family":"Westen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1359104510387572","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.2.377"},{"key":"bibr2-1359104510387572","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.103.3.553"},{"key":"bibr3-1359104510387572","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.1997.11.2.168"},{"key":"bibr4-1359104510387572","volume-title":"The Q-Sort method in personality assessment and psychiatric research","author":"Block J.","year":"1978"},{"key":"bibr5-1359104510387572","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradley R., Westen D. 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