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This preliminary study assessed psychosocial and psychological risk factors for a group of substance dependent women exposed to high risks in pregnancy, and their impact on child protection involvement. Pregnant women on opiate substitution treatment ( n = 11) and a comparison group ( n = 15) were recruited during their third trimester to complete measures of RF (Pregnancy Interview), childhood trauma, mental health and psychosocial assessments. At postnatal follow-up, RF was reassessed (Parent Development Interview \u2013 Revised Short Version) and mother\u2013infant dyads were videotaped to assess emotional availability (EA). Child protection services were contacted to determine if any concerns had been raised for infant safety. Significant between-group differences were observed for demographics, psychosocial factors, trauma and mental health symptoms. Unexpectedly, no significant differences were found for RF or EA between groups. Eight women in the \u2018exposed to high risks\u2019 group became involved with child protection services. Reflective functioning was not significantly associated with psychosocial risk factors, and therefore did not mediate the outcome of child protection involvement. Women \u2018exposed to high risks\u2019 were equally able to generate a model of their own and their infants\u2019 mental states and should not be seen within a deficit perspective. Further research is required to better understand the range of risk factors that predict child protection involvement in high risk groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104513499355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]],"date-time":"2013-08-27T21:39:39Z","timestamp":1377639579000},"page":"84-105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Improving antenatal risk assessment in women exposed to high risks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Natasha","family":"Perry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Community Health Centre, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise K","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Developmental Psychiatry & Psychology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mick","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Dunlop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Community Health Centre, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1359104513499355","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00351.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr2-1359104513499355","first-page":"139","volume":"12","author":"Appleyard K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Preventative Science"},{"key":"bibr3-1359104513499355","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559503257106"},{"key":"bibr4-1359104513499355","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410903532650"},{"key":"bibr5-1359104513499355","volume-title":"Childhood trauma questionnaire: A retrospective self-report manual","author":"Bernstein D. 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