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Treatment-na\u00efve children with HCV and an equal control group of children of matched age and gender were recruited. Assessment included measures of children\u2019s cognitive functioning, behavior, depression and anxiety as well as laboratory investigations and liver biopsy. Overall 102 children of both genders were recruited; the majority was from rural areas and from middle social class. Their age ranged from 7 to 17\u2009years old. Only 6.9% reported positive family history of Psychiatric disorders while 35.3% reported current Psychiatric disorder. The most frequent diagnosis in the sample was depression (16.7%). Depression scores correlated negatively with liver biopsy activity ( p\u2009=\u20090.024) and positively with WBCS ( p\u2009=\u20090.0024). Anxiety scores correlated positively with WBCS ( p\u2009=\u20090.017). Verbal IQ, performance IQ and total IQ correlated with the social class and with the liver biopsy activity. Also it was found that higher depression scores can predict lower verbal IQ. Depression, social class and liver Inflammation are predictors of cognitive impairment in children with HCV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104520974434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T11:58:27Z","timestamp":1608119907000},"page":"381-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cognitive impairment in children with chronic Hepatitis C Virus: Case control study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4401-2022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibtihal MA","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Department, Mansoura Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Haikal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Department, Mansoura Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khadiga M","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona Abdel Latif","family":"AlSayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Hepatology & Gastroenterology Unit, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarik E","family":"Barakat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Hepatology & Gastroenterology Unit, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1359104520974434","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abd El-Wahab E. 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