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A total of 410 participants, 217 (52.9%) living with HIV and 193 (47.1%) without HIV, completed the Beck Depression Inventory II, the Internalized Homophobia Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results indicated high prevalence of depressive symptoms in both groups (52.2% among those living with HIV and 62.6% among those without). Mean BDI-II scores were lower among participants living with HIV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911.48, SD\u2009=\u20099.00) compared to those without HIV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913.92, SD\u2009=\u20099.62;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.008). Homonegativity also differed, with lower scores among participants living with HIV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200925.78, SD\u2009=\u20098.83) than those without HIV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200930.92, SD\u2009=\u20093.65;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Homonegativity contributed to the association between HIV status and depression. These findings highlight the need for policies against stigma, expanded mental health care, and tailored interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13591053251383743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T08:49:32Z","timestamp":1761727772000},"page":"2271-2286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Depression and homonegativity disparities in Brazilian gay men: The importance of HIV-status"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7931-4237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iara","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0203-2650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Alckmin-Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9014-6120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Welter Wendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine and Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, State University of Western Paran\u00e1 (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltr\u00e3o (PR), Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8608-2339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6515-4404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Nichiata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9448-682X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajpsy.v13i1.53429"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.31211\/rpics.2023.9.2.305","article-title":"Percep\u00e7\u00e3o de sorofobia entre homens gays que vivem com HIV","volume":"9","author":"Alckmin-Carvalho F","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alckmin-Carvalho F, Brandelli Costa A, Chiapetti N, et al (2023) Percep\u00e7\u00e3o de sorofobia entre homens gays que vivem com HIV. 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