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We review the clinical literature on this subject as it has evolved historically, taking pertinent methodological issues into account.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350100600102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T12:30:14Z","timestamp":1649939414000},"page":"9-20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Antiretroviral Therapy and the Lipodystrophy Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mina","family":"John","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Immunology and Biomedical Statistics, Royal Perth Hospital and Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Immunology and Biomedical Statistics, Royal Perth Hospital and Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Mallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Immunology and Biomedical Statistics, Royal Perth Hospital and Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-135965350100600102","first-page":"615","volume":"52","author":"Massip 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Program and Abstracts of the 7th\n                      Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\n                      , San Francisco, Calif., USA, 30 January \u2013 2 February 2000. Abstr. 205."},{"key":"bibr74-135965350100600102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.6.1162"},{"key":"bibr75-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Martinez E., Bianchi L., Garcia M.A., Bru C. & Gattell J.M. Assessment of regional fat thickness by sonography in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy.\n                      Program and Abstracts of the XIII International AIDS Conference\n                      , Durban, South Africa, 9\u201314 July 2000. Abstr. 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Abstr. 50."},{"key":"bibr89-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Viciana P., Alarcon A., Martin D., Serrano P., Lopez-Cortes L.F., Codero E. & Gomez-Vera M.J. Partial improvement of lipodystrophy after switching from protease inhibitors (PI) to efavirenz (EFV). Program and Abstracts of the 7th\n                      Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\n                      , San Francisco, Calif., USA, 30 January \u2013 2 February 2000. Abstr. 48."},{"key":"bibr90-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Estrada V., De Villar N.G.P., Martinez-Larrad T., Tellez M.J. & Serrano-Rios M. Switching to efavirenz from protease inhibitor-based therapy does not improve insulin resistance after one year in HIV patients with lipodystrophy syndrome. Program and Abstracts of the 8th\n                      Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\n                      , Chicago, Ill., USA, 4\u20138 February 2001. Abstr. 671."},{"key":"bibr91-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Molina J.M., Angelini E., Cotte L., Lang J.M., Morlat P., Rancinan C., May T., Journot V., Raffi F., Jarrousse B., Grappin M., Lepeu G. & Chene G. Prevalence of lipodystrophy in long term follow up of a clinical trial comparing various combinations of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), ALBI trial:ANRS 070. Program and Abstracts of the 7th\n                      Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\n                      , San Francisco, Calif., USA, 30 January \u2013 2 February 2000. Abstr. 19."},{"key":"bibr92-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Law M., Emery S., French M., Carr A., Chuah J. & Cooper D. Lipodystrophy and metabolic abnormalities in a cross-sectional study of participants in randomised controlled studies of combination antiretroviral therapy.\n                      Program and Abstracts of the 2ndInternational Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV\n                      , Toronto, Canada, 13\u201315 September 2000. Abstr. 028."},{"key":"bibr93-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Joly V., Flandre P., Meiffredy V., Hazebrouck S., Harel M., Aboulker J.P. & Yeni P. Assessment of lipodystrophy in patients previously exposed to AZT, ddI or ddC, but na\u00efve for d4T and protease inhibitors (PI), and randomised between d4T\/3TC\/Indinavir and AZT\/3TC\/Indinavir (NOVAVIR trial). Program and Abstracts of the 8th\n                      Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\n                      , Chicago, Ill., USA, 4\u20138 February 2001. Abstr. 539."},{"key":"bibr94-135965350100600102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199910220-00035"},{"key":"bibr95-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Polo R., Verdejo J., Gonzalez-Munoz M., Gomez-Cano M., Martinez-Garrido S., Martinez-Rodriguez S. & Gonzalas-Lahoz J. Switch to AZT plus 3TC improves lipodystrophy in the presence of protease inhibitors. Program and Abstracts of 39th\n                      Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy\n                      , San Francisco, Calif., USA, 26\u201329 September 1999. Abstr. 1306."},{"key":"bibr96-135965350100600102","unstructured":"Van der Walk M., Gisolf E., Reiss P., Wit F., Japour A., Weverling G. & Danner S. Increased risk of lipodystrophy when including NRTIs in the treatment of HIV-1 infection with protease inhibitors: results from a randomised controlled trial.\n                      Program and Abstracts of the 2ndInternational Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV\n                      , Toronto, Canada, 13\u201315 September 2000. Abstr. P78."},{"key":"bibr97-135965350100600102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen C., Cameron W., Xu Y., Rode R., Mellors J., Farthing C., Poretz D., Markovitz D., Ho D., McMahon D., Drennon D., Selness K., Ryan J., Sun E. & Japour A.J. Effect of NRTI intensification on prevalence of body composition abnormalities at week 144 of ritonavir plus saquinavir therapy in an HIV-infected cohort.\n                      Program and Abstracts of the 2ndInternational Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV\n                      , Toronto, Canada, 13\u201315 September 2000. Abstr. 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