{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:30:27Z","timestamp":1790872227120,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence and risk factors for lipodystrophy and metabolic disorders among patients in Africa on first-line combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) mostly containing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is poorly documented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study recruited 88 HIV-infected patients initiating cART between October 2004 and June 2005 in Cotonou, Benin. Patients were followed for 24 months. The main outcomes were incidence of lipodystrophy and metabolic disorders. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to describe factors associated with progression to lipodystrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After a median follow-up of 23.2 months (interquartile range 22.3\u201323.7), 24 (30%) patients developed lipodystrophy (lipoatrophy 9%, lipohypertrophy 24% and mixed pattern 2.5%). The incidence rate for lipodystrophy was estimated to 1.72 per person-month (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15\u20132.56) occurring after a median time of 11 months on cART. Metabolic syndrome (International Diabetes Federation definition) appeared in 10 (13%) patients after a median of 15 months with an estimated incidence rate of 0.62 per person-month (95% CI 0.33\u20131.16). It was more common in women (19.2% versus 3.1% in men; P=0.043). Diabetes (8%) and hypercholesterolaemia (35%) were also observed. After adjustment, gender, young age (hazard ratio [HR] 0.45 [95% CI 0.22\u20130.90]; P=0.025), high BMI at inclusion (HR 1.53 [95% CI 1.28\u20131.83]; P&lt;0.0001) and smoking (HR 28.0 [95% CI 2.5\u2013307.4]; P=0.006) were significantly associated with lipohypertrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome were commonly and rapidly observed in this cohort of sub-Saharan patients initiating cART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350901400307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T12:06:24Z","timestamp":1649937984000},"page":"371-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Incidence of lipodystrophy and metabolic disorders in patients starting non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in Benin"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Djimon Marcel","family":"Zannou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Denoeud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, H\u00f4pital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Lacombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, H\u00f4pital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"},{"name":"Inserm UMR-S 707, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Amoussou-Guenou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin"},{"name":"Service des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Endocrinologie, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jules","family":"Bashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Akakpo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Gougounon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Akond\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Ad\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"Houngb\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Marie","family":"Girard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, H\u00f4pital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"},{"name":"Inserm UMR-S 707, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/497267"},{"key":"bibr2-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/521150"},{"key":"bibr3-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199807000-00003"},{"key":"bibr4-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.11.016","volume":"118","author":"Grinspoon S.K.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"bibr5-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/303141"},{"key":"bibr6-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1075"},{"key":"bibr7-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67402-8"},{"key":"bibr8-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041811"},{"key":"bibr9-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2007.02.020"},{"key":"bibr10-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318158c0a6"},{"key":"bibr11-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200107270-00008"},{"key":"bibr12-135965350901400307","unstructured":"ANRS. L'initiative s\u00e9n\u00e9galaise d'acc\u00e8s aux m\u00e9dicaments antir\u00e9troviraux. Analyses \u00e9conomiques, sociales, comportementales et m\u00e9dicales 2002. (Updated 17 April 2009. Accessed 17 April 2009.) Available from http:\/\/www.anrs.fr\/index.php\/anrs\/ressources_et_publications\/publications\/publications_anrs\/l_initiative_senegalaise_d_acces_aux_medicaments_antiretroviraux_analyses_economiques_sociales_comportementales_et_medicales."},{"key":"bibr13-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.5.1016"},{"key":"bibr14-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.22.2621"},{"key":"bibr15-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04056-3"},{"key":"bibr16-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-2662.2001.00100.x"},{"key":"bibr17-135965350901400307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1293.2003.00159.x"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/135965350901400307","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/135965350901400307","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:48:55Z","timestamp":1777380535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/135965350901400307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/135965350901400307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/135965350901400307","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6535","2040-2058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6535","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-2058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]}}}