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Prior to the proof-of concept trial in 2010, which demonstrated that tenofovir (TFV) could prevent sexual transmission of HIV, prevention options were largely limited to behavior change, condoms, and circumcision. Several subsequent studies evaluating oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or the TDF\/emtricitabine (FTC) combination as PrEP for HIV prevention provided evidence for regulatory approval and inclusion in national and international guidelines. By 2021, 1.5 million people had initiated oral tenofovir-based PrEP, contributing to declines in HIV incidence in some regions. Here we reflect on how oral tenofovir-based PrEP became an important component of combination HIV prevention programs across the globe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13596535211067589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T13:15:33Z","timestamp":1645622133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Advancing HIV prevention using tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Salim S","family":"Abdool Karim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6033-7655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheryl","family":"Baxter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quarraisha","family":"Abdool Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13596535211067589","volume-title":"Progress towards the 90\u201390\u201390 targets","author":"UNAIDS 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Safety and acceptibiity of daily and coitally dependent use if 1% tenofovir over six months of use. [Abstract BO12-655]. 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On demand PrEP with oral TDF-FTC in MSM: results of the ANRS Ipergay trial. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI). 23\u201326 February 2015. Seattle, Washington. Abstract 23LB."},{"key":"bibr50-13596535211067589","unstructured":"McCormack S, Dunn D. On behalf of the PROUD Study Group. Pragmatic open-label randomised trial of preexposure prophylaxis: the PROUD Study. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI). 23\u201326 February 2015. Seattle, Washington. Abstract 22LB."},{"key":"bibr51-13596535211067589","volume-title":"Guideline on when to start antiretroviral therapy and on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr52-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt532"},{"key":"bibr53-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp3002045"},{"key":"bibr54-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31065-5"},{"key":"bibr55-13596535211067589","volume-title":"The global PrEP tracker","author":"AVAC","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr56-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(18)30215-7"},{"key":"bibr57-13596535211067589","volume-title":"Massive drop in London HIV rates may be due to internet drugs","author":"Wilson C","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr58-13596535211067589","volume-title":"HIV epidemiology annual report","author":"San Francisco Department of Public Health","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr59-13596535211067589","volume-title":"To go: closing gaps, breaking barriers, righting injustices","author":"Miles UNAIDS","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr60-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-003892"},{"key":"bibr61-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000172"},{"key":"bibr62-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw077"},{"key":"bibr63-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506110"},{"key":"bibr64-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1602046"},{"key":"bibr65-13596535211067589","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101016"},{"key":"bibr66-13596535211067589","author":"Delany-Moretlwe S","journal-title":"Interim results from HPTN 084 HIV R4P virtual conference"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13596535211067589","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13596535211067589","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13596535211067589","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:53:03Z","timestamp":1777380783000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13596535211067589"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13596535211067589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13596535211067589","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6535","2040-2058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6535","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-2058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"article-number":"13596535211067589"}}