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Females with ASD outperformed males on EF as assessed by the Trail Making Test B-A. Males with ASD showed superior performance for ATTD as measured by the Block Design Test (BD) when compared with females. EF difficulties in males were correlated with more stereotypic behaviours and interests on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised or the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. The results indicated clinically meaningful cognitive sex differences in ASD, particularly an association between EF and stereotypic behaviours and interests. ATTD as a potential basis for specific cognitive strengths (e.g. scientific\/savant skills) might be more pronounced in males with ASD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361310391116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,31]],"date-time":"2011-03-31T23:37:32Z","timestamp":1301614652000},"page":"497-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":157,"title":["Sex differences in cognitive domains and their clinical correlates in higher-functioning autism spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sven","family":"B\u00f6lte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, , Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eftichia","family":"Duketis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fritz","family":"Poustka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Holtmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, LWL-Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-006-9002-x"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/1380-3395(200008)22:4;1-0;FT518"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2009.02279.x"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69041-7"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0337"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1115455"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"The relation of","author":"Baum, C.","year":"1996"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/11.1.69"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0231-x"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0850-1"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199301)49:1<54::AID-JCLP2270490108>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl072"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0331-7"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.2.4.363"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2007.01.009"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00276.x"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-005-0039-0"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-009-0810-8"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.00361.x"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00215.x"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01539.x"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-007-0474-1"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"Revised Smoothed Normative Data on the Neuropsychological Test Battery for Children","author":"Knights, R.M.","year":"1980"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-008-0610-6"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.4.293"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Neuropsychological Assessment","author":"Lezak, M.D.","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.8.1.38"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2008.00470.x"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01538320"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01046216"},{"key":"atypb31","unstructured":"Mitrushina, M.N., Boone, K.B. & D\u2019Elia, L.F. 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