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A total of 14 Australians (4 males, aged 16\u201343\u2009years) and 16 Taiwanese (12 males, aged 19\u201345\u2009years) with autism spectrum disorder who are cognitively able were asked to carry a device which prompted them seven times per day for 7\u2009days, to record everyday participation: where they were, what they were doing, and who they were with. Multilevel analyses were used to identify the relationships between everyday participation and associated factors including gender, country of residence, clinical severity of autism spectrum disorder, and social anxiety. The results showed that Taiwanese participants were more likely to stay at home than Australian participants. However, female participants were more likely to engage in social situations than males. Furthermore, participants with fewer autism spectrum disorder symptoms and those with higher levels of social anxiety were less likely to engage in social interactions. This study sheds light on ways that culture and gender affect social participation and highlights the relationship of social anxiety to social participation. The findings have implications for interventions for social participation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361316636756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]],"date-time":"2016-04-28T12:28:50Z","timestamp":1461846530000},"page":"231-241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["A cross-cultural exploration of the everyday social participation of individuals with autism spectrum disorders in Australia and Taiwan: An experience sampling study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yu-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita C","family":"Bundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinie","family":"Cordier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curtin University, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ling","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart L","family":"Einfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1362361316636756","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association (APA)","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr2-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1614-2241\/a000062"},{"key":"bibr3-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10883576060210030201"},{"key":"bibr4-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-011-1424-5"},{"key":"bibr5-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2014.04.004"},{"key":"bibr6-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17518423.2013.855274"},{"key":"bibr7-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2006.00850.x"},{"key":"bibr8-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2009.00170.x"},{"key":"bibr9-1362361316636756","volume-title":"Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2)","author":"Constantino JN","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr10-1362361316636756","first-page":"103","volume":"19","author":"Cordier R","year":"2016","journal-title":"Developmental Neurorehabilitation"},{"key":"bibr11-1362361316636756","volume-title":"Being Adolescent: Conflict and Growth in the Teenage Years","author":"Csikszentmihalyi M","year":"1984"},{"key":"bibr12-1362361316636756","first-page":"523","volume-title":"Handbook of Research Methods in Personality Psychology","author":"Fleeson W","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr13-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2012.10.004"},{"key":"bibr14-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361314531340"},{"key":"bibr15-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02614369100390241"},{"key":"bibr16-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2040-2392-5-19"},{"key":"bibr17-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984201"},{"key":"bibr18-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.06.014"},{"key":"bibr19-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.00361.x"},{"key":"bibr20-1362361316636756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203852279"},{"key":"bibr21-1362361316636756","unstructured":"Jessup G, Bian S, Chen Y-W, (2012) Manual of P.I.E.L. 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