{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T19:10:56Z","timestamp":1781205056627,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560297600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder commonly co-occur. Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder has not previously been evaluated outside the United Kingdom. In this study, 19 adults with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder were treated using an adapted cognitive behavior therapy protocol that consisted of 20 sessions focused on exposure with response prevention. The primary outcome was the clinician-rated Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Scale. Participants were assessed up to 3\u2009months after treatment. There were significant reductions on the Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Scale at post-treatment (d\u2009=\u20091.5), and improvements were sustained at follow-up (d\u2009=\u20091.2). Self-rated obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and depressive symptoms showed statistically significant reductions. Improvements in general functioning and quality of life were statistically non-significant. Three participants (16%) were responders at post-treatment and four (21%) were in remission from obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. At follow-up, three participants (16%) were responders and one (5%) was in full remission. Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder in adults with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder is associated with reductions in obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms and depressive symptoms. However, outcomes are modest; few patients were completely symptom free, and treatment engagement was low with few completed exposures and low adherence to homework assignments. We identify and discuss the need for further treatment refinement for this vulnerable group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361319856974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T06:48:37Z","timestamp":1560322117000},"page":"190-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder: A clinical effectiveness study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2017-3940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oskar","family":"Flygare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council and M46, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Ringberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Clara","family":"Hellstadius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Edbacken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psykologpartners W&W AB, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Enander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council and M46, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Aspvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indra","family":"Windh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council and M46, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8443-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ailsa","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Autism Research, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mataix-Cols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"R\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council and M46, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"bibr2-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465805002651"},{"key":"bibr3-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"bibr4-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000081413"},{"key":"bibr5-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2012.00795.x"},{"key":"bibr6-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-014-2170-2"},{"key":"bibr7-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1461"},{"key":"bibr8-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2005.05.002"},{"key":"bibr9-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-007-0364-6"},{"key":"bibr10-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2017.11.002"},{"key":"bibr11-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.75"},{"key":"bibr12-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1485"},{"key":"bibr13-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361318786721"},{"key":"bibr14-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485"},{"key":"bibr15-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195335286.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr16-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007"},{"key":"bibr17-1362361319856974","volume-title":"ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology","author":"Guy W.","year":"1976"},{"key":"bibr18-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2018.1478447"},{"key":"bibr19-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.08.002"},{"key":"bibr20-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465817000091"},{"key":"bibr21-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JADD.0000022613.41399.14"},{"key":"bibr22-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718002283"},{"key":"bibr23-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371205700502"},{"key":"bibr24-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-017-0717-0"},{"key":"bibr25-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-010-1113-9"},{"key":"bibr26-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2850.2010.01204.x"},{"key":"bibr27-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2016.05.002"},{"key":"bibr28-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.10101532"},{"key":"bibr29-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2013-202962"},{"key":"bibr30-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027049"},{"key":"bibr31-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.130.6.592"},{"key":"bibr32-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20299"},{"key":"bibr33-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141703"},{"key":"bibr34-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.03.012"},{"key":"bibr35-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-013-0006-1"},{"key":"bibr36-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.06.003"},{"key":"bibr37-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.3523"},{"key":"bibr38-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718001691"},{"key":"bibr39-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0040891"},{"key":"bibr40-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890109002087"},{"key":"bibr41-1362361319856974","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"key":"bibr42-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-010-1133-5"},{"key":"bibr43-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22053"},{"key":"bibr44-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.6.525"},{"key":"bibr45-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000172622"},{"key":"bibr46-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-014-2204-9"},{"key":"bibr47-1362361319856974","first-page":"13","volume":"5","author":"Ryd\u00e9n E.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"bibr48-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"bibr49-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291706009366"},{"key":"bibr50-1362361319856974","first-page":"22","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan D. V.","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr51-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022659"},{"key":"bibr52-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01480.x"},{"key":"bibr53-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(00)00242-1"},{"key":"bibr54-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034297"},{"key":"bibr55-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61414-7"},{"key":"bibr56-1362361319856974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.08.001"}],"container-title":["Autism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1362361319856974","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1362361319856974","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1362361319856974","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:49:34Z","timestamp":1777380574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361319856974"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1362361319856974"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1362361319856974","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.31234\/osf.io\/fy6s4","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1362-3613","1461-7005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-3613","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7005","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]}}}