{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T06:38:56Z","timestamp":1778913536914,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sagepub.com\/licence-information-for-chorus"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000990","name":"Australian Catholic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000990","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ACCESS Community Services"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP140100609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP140100609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transcult Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The mental health of women has been largely neglected in the refugee literature, notwithstanding the specific gender-related issues that confront women seeking asylum. Furthermore, a specific category of women, deemed to be women-at-risk, face particular challenges in their journey and resettlement process. This longitudinal study investigated psychological distress in refugee women-at-risk one year after resettlement in Australia. Follow-up survey of 83 women-at-risk (mean age\u2009=\u200933.41 years; SD\u2009=\u200911.93) assessed: trauma events and symptoms; loss events and loss distress; level of post-migration problems; anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms; and absence of trust in community members. Participants demonstrated no symptom change since initial assessment ( p\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Substantial proportions of women reported traumatization (39%), PTSD (20%), anxiety (32%), and depression (39%) above clinical cut-offs, and high levels of somatization and loss distress. Post-migration problems, trauma events, and region of birth were associated with all symptoms, with post-migration problems the strongest predictor. Absence of trust in community members was associated with trauma, depression, and somatic symptoms. Initial trauma and somatic symptoms were associated with follow-up traumatic and somatic symptoms. Loss and trauma events were associated with loss distress. Findings underline the role of post-migration problems on psychological distress and the need to consider women\u2019s psychological wellbeing in the context of their trauma and loss history, potential impacts of ethnicity, and complex socio-cultural dynamics underpinning issues of trust within communities. Effective service delivery requires that practitioners screen for and address psychological distress in women-at-risk at least up to 18 months after resettlement. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461520965110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T06:48:30Z","timestamp":1603954110000},"page":"157-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Persistent psychological distress in resettled refugee women-at-risk at one-year follow-up: Contributions of trauma, post-migration problems, loss, and trust"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3847-7018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyn","family":"Vromans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Schweitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Brough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Asic Kobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACCESS Community Services Inc, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Correa-Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Lenette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinita","family":"Sagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr2-1363461520965110","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics (2007) 4326.0 \u2013 National survey of mental health and wellbeing: Summary of results, 2007. Retrieved December 15, 2017, from http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/mf\/4326.0"},{"key":"bibr3-1363461520965110","unstructured":"Australian Government Department of Social Services (2018). Settlement Services for humanitarian entrants. Retrieved February 5 2019, from https:\/\/www.dss.gov.au\/settlement-and-multicultural-affairs\/publications\/settlement-services-for-humanitarian-entrants#are_entrants"},{"key":"bibr4-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25071\/1920-7336.39618"},{"key":"bibr5-1363461520965110","first-page":"46","volume":"145","author":"Beiser M.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr6-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461506061757"},{"key":"bibr8-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.06.050"},{"key":"bibr9-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.08.044"},{"key":"bibr10-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00055172"},{"key":"bibr11-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(91)90021-4"},{"key":"bibr12-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1372967"},{"key":"bibr13-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032452"},{"key":"bibr14-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.23.5.382"},{"key":"bibr15-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10811440008407845"},{"key":"bibr16-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.08.061"},{"key":"bibr17-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/17.1.106"},{"key":"bibr18-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000750"},{"key":"bibr19-1363461520965110","volume-title":"Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence. From domestic abuse to political terror","author":"Hermans J.","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr20-1363461520965110","first-page":"6","volume":"41","author":"Hesbacher P. T.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr21-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.5.611"},{"key":"bibr22-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jrs\/2.2.221"},{"key":"bibr23-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11059-000"},{"key":"bibr24-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-1003-5"},{"key":"bibr25-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v7.28711"},{"key":"bibr26-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.090292"},{"key":"bibr27-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199807000-00006"},{"key":"bibr28-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.50.1.569"},{"key":"bibr29-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000146739.26187.15"},{"key":"bibr30-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000188977.44657.1d"},{"key":"bibr31-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1473325013517924"},{"key":"bibr32-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25741136.2018.1464740"},{"key":"bibr33-1363461520965110","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Critical multicultural practice: New perspectives in Australian social work","author":"Lenette C.","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr34-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2002.01436.x"},{"key":"bibr35-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.75.9.1080"},{"key":"bibr36-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199202000-00008"},{"key":"bibr37-1363461520965110","volume-title":"Measuring trauma, measuring torture: Instructions and guidance on the utilization of the Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma\u2019s versions of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and the Harvard Trauma questionnaire (HTQ)","author":"Mollica R. F.","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr38-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.173.6.482"},{"key":"bibr39-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07256860500074128"},{"key":"bibr40-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.5.602"},{"key":"bibr41-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2012.40.1.129"},{"key":"bibr42-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-014-0877-1"},{"key":"bibr43-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1988.tb02077.x"},{"key":"bibr44-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v7.28057"},{"key":"bibr45-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00048674.2010.543412"},{"key":"bibr46-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2006.01766.x"},{"key":"bibr47-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1143-2"},{"key":"bibr48-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09984.x"},{"key":"bibr49-1363461520965110","volume":"146","author":"Spiller T. R.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Swiss Medical Weekly"},{"key":"bibr50-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00458.x"},{"key":"bibr51-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-017-0156-0"},{"key":"bibr52-1363461520965110","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2006). Proposed executive committee conclusion on women at risk: Follow-up paper. Retrieved June 19 2016, from http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/excom\/icm\/45082362c\/proposed-executive-committee-conclusion-women-risk-follow-up-paper.html"},{"key":"bibr53-1363461520965110","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner of Refugees. (2017a). Resettlement data. Retrieved November 1, 2017, from http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/en-au\/resettlement-data.html."},{"key":"bibr54-1363461520965110","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2017b). Resettlement. Retrieved November 1, 2017, from http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/en-au\/resettlement.html"},{"key":"bibr55-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2020a). Global trends. Forced displacement in 2019. Retrieved September 16, 2020, from https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/5ee200e37.pdf","DOI":"10.18356\/9789211066012c004"},{"key":"bibr56-1363461520965110","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2020b). Resettlement at a glance (January to July 2020). Retrieved September 16, 2020, from https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/en-au\/protection\/resettlement\/5f4df1574\/resettlement-fact-sheet-july-2020.html"},{"key":"bibr57-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-013-0463-1"},{"key":"bibr58-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31824cc458"},{"key":"bibr59-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.03.010"},{"key":"bibr60-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020872815580049"},{"key":"bibr61-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.09.038"},{"key":"bibr62-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.4.562"},{"key":"bibr63-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb05262.x"},{"key":"bibr64-1363461520965110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14005-6_2"}],"container-title":["Transcultural Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1363461520965110","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1363461520965110","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1363461520965110","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1363461520965110","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T19:31:50Z","timestamp":1740771110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1363461520965110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1363461520965110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1363461520965110","relation":{},"ISSN":["1363-4615","1461-7471"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1363-4615","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7471","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]}}}