{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:00:08Z","timestamp":1792512008004,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transcult Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Among the cultural conceptualizations of distress, susto is defined in the DSM-5 as \u201ca cultural explanation of distress and misfortune in Latin America that refers to an illness attributed to a terrifying event that causes the soul to leave the body and leads to unhappiness and illness, as well as difficulties in performing key social functions\u201d (American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Washington, DC: APA, p. 836). Thus, susto represents a cultural explanation that encompasses the symptoms of various mental disorders and physical diseases. We analyzed the descriptions of susto from different scientific fields and related them to definitions of DSM-5 syndromes. Three syndromic subtypes of susto show a symptomatic overlap with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatic disorder. However, linguistic metaphors describing symptoms and perceived causes that are specific for Latin American culture support the concept of susto as a specific idiom of distress (e.g., loss of soul, shadow or ajayu; sunken, closed or white eyes; jumping and screaming in the night; being thrown to the ground). In addition, if diagnostic criteria are met for mental disorders, then susto describes a perceived cause of psychopathological states (e.g., depressive disorder, PTSD, somatic disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder). Future research with people who have experienced susto is needed to clarify whether susto precedes the onset of other mental disorders (perceived cause) or whether it is a way of designating distress (idiom of distress). <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13634615231163986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T04:14:42Z","timestamp":1680149682000},"page":"690-702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<i>Susto<\/i> as a cultural conceptualization of distress: Existing research and aspects to consider for future investigations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3480-0773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fanny Beatriz","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Radl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt am Main"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devon Emerson","family":"Hinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Stangier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt am Main"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13634615231163986","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association (APA)","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr3-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-10-26"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr4-13634615231163986","first-page":"55","volume":"1","author":"\u00c1vila-Testa M. C.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Antropolog\u00eda"},{"key":"bibr5-13634615231163986","first-page":"129","volume":"36","author":"Bianchetti M. C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scripta Ethnologica"},{"key":"bibr6-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13189\/sa.2016.040208"},{"key":"bibr7-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1935-4940.2010.01094.x"},{"key":"bibr8-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.02.023"},{"key":"bibr9-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33132\/01248146.989"},{"key":"bibr10-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721715617535"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr11-13634615231163986","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"Cork C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Global Mental Health"},{"key":"bibr12-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.057"},{"key":"bibr14-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840701415991"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr15-13634615231163986","first-page":"308","volume":"53","author":"Garc\u00eda de Alba-Garc\u00eda J. E.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revista M\u00e9dica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social"},{"key":"bibr16-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5294\/aqui.2014.14.4.4"},{"key":"bibr17-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.06.042"},{"key":"bibr18-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32872\/cpe.v1i4.37679"},{"key":"bibr19-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11013-016-9493-8"},{"key":"bibr20-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11013-010-9175-x"},{"key":"bibr21-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2017.08.006"},{"key":"bibr22-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.12.035"},{"key":"bibr23-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461519862708"},{"key":"bibr25-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-008-9154-2"},{"key":"bibr26-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2327-6924.12157"},{"key":"bibr28-13634615231163986","first-page":"39","volume-title":"Santiago Jacha Marka: Danzas, cosmovisi\u00f3n, festividades y acci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica en el espacio urbano","author":"L\u00f3pez A.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr29-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22201\/cimsur.18704115e.2017.23.287"},{"key":"bibr30-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1559827617736506"},{"key":"bibr31-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.03.013"},{"key":"bibr32-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Mor\u00e1n O. (2011). El diablo y la enfermedad: precisiones en cuanto al concepto de susto\/espanto entre los ind\u00edgenas de Michoac\u00e1n, Mexico. Nuevo Mundo-Mundos Nuevos. http:\/\/doi.org\/d7m6","DOI":"10.4000\/nuevomundo.61215"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr36-13634615231163986","first-page":"46","volume":"4","author":"Onofre-Mamani L. D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comuni@Ccion: Revista de Investigaci\u00f3n en Comunicaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo"},{"key":"bibr37-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18273\/revsal.v50n4-2018006"},{"key":"bibr38-13634615231163986","unstructured":"Otero \u00c1, Saavedra J. E., Mezzich J., Salloum I. (2012). S\u00edndromes culturales. En: Asociaci\u00f3n Psiqui\u00e1trica de Am\u00e9rica Latina. Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental \u201cHonorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi\u201d. Gu\u00eda Latinoamericana de Diagn\u00f3stico Psiqui\u00e1trico. Versi\u00f3n Revisada. Primera edici\u00f3n de la GLADP, 2012 (365-382). Biblioteca Nacional del Per\u00fa. https:\/\/webapal.org\/assets\/files\/Guia-LAdp2018.pdf"},{"key":"bibr39-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.03.024"},{"key":"bibr40-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29043\/liminar.v13i2.394"},{"key":"bibr41-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-011-9522-1"},{"key":"bibr42-13634615231163986","unstructured":"Paz-Esquerre E. (2015). El vuelo m\u00e1gico del pensamiento en la iconograf\u00eda andina. Iconograf\u00eda del pensamiento andino. Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego. Trujillo, Per\u00fa. Primera edici\u00f3n, marzo 2015. https:\/\/docplayer.es\/64140012-El-vuelo-magico-del-pensamiento-en-la-iconografia-andina.html"},{"key":"bibr44-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.07.039"},{"key":"bibr45-13634615231163986","first-page":"83","volume":"31","author":"Remorini C.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mitol\u00f3gicas"},{"key":"bibr46-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1518-8345.1982.2915"},{"key":"bibr47-13634615231163986","unstructured":"R\u00f6sing I. (1993). La mesa blanca callawaya. Variaciones locales y curaci\u00f3n del susto. Editorial \u201cLos amigos del libro\u201d, Werner Guttentag. Cochabamba-La Paz, Bolivia."},{"key":"bibr48-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3772883"},{"key":"bibr51-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-008-9184-9"},{"key":"bibr52-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1548-1387.2009.01065.x"},{"key":"bibr53-13634615231163986","first-page":"70","volume":"33","author":"T\u00f3foli L. F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria"},{"key":"bibr54-13634615231163986","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15446\/rsap.v17n2.42243"},{"key":"bibr55-13634615231163986","unstructured":"Vega A. (2008). La p\u00e9rdida del alma y la etiolog\u00eda de un tax\u00f3n tradicional: El Susto entre los migrantes Aymara de Buenos Aires. V Jornadas de Sociolog\u00eda de la UNLP, 10, 11 y 12 de diciembre de 2008, La Plata, Argentina. En Memoria Acad\u00e9mica, repositorio institucional de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n (FaHCE) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. 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