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The current pilot study is the first investigation that compared distress in children and their mothers living through a life-threatening illness (cancer) and a non life-threatening (juvenile rheumatoid arthritis) chronic disease. Findings show that there are differences in the psychological functioning in children with respect to age. Moreover, the presence of posttraumatic stress symptoms in mothers of children with cancer seems to be a possible key to understanding the psychological response in this specific population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1367493514563854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]],"date-time":"2015-01-05T20:10:48Z","timestamp":1420488648000},"page":"174-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Comparison of psychological functioning in children and their mothers living through a life-threatening and non life-threatening chronic disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Graziano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bambino Ges\u00f9 Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bambino Ges\u00f9 Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Spano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Petrocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianni","family":"Biondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bambino Ges\u00f9 Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ammaniti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1367493514563854","volume-title":"Parenting Stress Index. 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