{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:36:33Z","timestamp":1777494993579,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health","award":["U54-GM104941"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54-GM104941"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Child Health Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy has risen in the U.S. over the past two decades, resulting in a growing number of children with intrauterine opioid exposure (IOE). Limited research exists supporting best practices to optimize primary care for these children and their families, particularly mothers with OUD. Using a modified Delphi method, we surveyed pediatric primary care clinicians from a single children\u2019s health care system regarding their experiences in caring for this population. In Phase 1, open-ended survey questions inquired about needs and challenges facing these infants, their families, and clinicians and resources within primary care. After thematic analysis, the most frequent responses were presented as a Phase 2 survey for clinicians to select their top five. Percentages for the most commonly selected top five themes were tabulated. Survey response rates were 58\/139 (42%) for Phase 1 and 45\/137 (33%) for Phase 2. For infants with IOE and their families, respondents identified parenting knowledge and family issues related to maternal OUD as top challenges, with limited resources to address them in primary care. Clinicians identified time constraints and follow-up issues as top challenges. Future intervention in pediatric primary care could include addressing parenting education, resource gaps, and best practice recommendations in caring for children with IOE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13674935231168676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T12:20:56Z","timestamp":1681302056000},"page":"849-864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pediatric primary care clinicians\u2019 views on needs and challenges in caring for infants with intrauterine opioid exposure and their families"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0431-2277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica F","family":"Rohde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Health, Wilmington, DE and Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Canter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Health, Wilmington, DE and Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madison","family":"Houff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brandywine Pediatrics, Wilmington, DE, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Bodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee M","family":"Pachter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Health, Wilmington, DE and Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Research on Equity and Community Health (iREACH), ChristianaCare Health System, Newark, DE, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew D","family":"Di Guglielmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Health, Wilmington, DE and Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neera","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Health, Wilmington, DE and Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1553-7250(08)34013-6"},{"key":"bibr2-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1367493507079557"},{"key":"bibr3-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.21427"},{"key":"bibr4-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr5-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ambp.2006.07.002"},{"key":"bibr6-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17265\/2159-5313\/2016.09.003"},{"key":"bibr7-13674935231168676","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) Data and statistics about opioid use during pregnancy. Available at: www.cdc.gov\/pregnancy\/opioids\/data.html (accessed 23 July 2021)."},{"key":"bibr8-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0128"},{"key":"bibr9-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.1.82"},{"key":"bibr10-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/adm.0000000000000336"},{"key":"bibr11-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1367493520953354"},{"key":"bibr12-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds\/2019-1275"},{"key":"bibr13-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6731a1"},{"key":"bibr14-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2018.0016"},{"key":"bibr15-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"bibr16-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"bibr17-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7275\/pdz9-th90"},{"key":"bibr18-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3524"},{"key":"bibr19-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxx199"},{"key":"bibr20-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2019.00814"},{"key":"bibr21-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.08.032"},{"key":"bibr22-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-015-9994-3"},{"key":"bibr23-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.35.5.277"},{"key":"bibr24-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0088-9"},{"key":"bibr25-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2003.11.002"},{"key":"bibr26-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-029074"},{"key":"bibr27-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2015-0024"},{"key":"bibr28-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2015.36"},{"key":"bibr29-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/dbp.000000000000679"},{"key":"bibr30-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-310045"},{"key":"bibr31-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/nmc.0000000000000066"},{"key":"bibr32-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1367493519864742"},{"key":"bibr33-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2009.01598.x"},{"key":"bibr34-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnn.2018.06.002"},{"key":"bibr35-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12811"},{"key":"bibr36-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-019-00701-1"},{"key":"bibr37-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2014-0003"},{"key":"bibr38-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616734.2016.1226371"},{"key":"bibr39-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2016.11.004"},{"key":"bibr40-13674935231168676","volume-title":"Early Intervention Program for Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities","author":"U.S. Department of Education","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr41-13674935231168676","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2021) What is the U.S. opioid epidemic? Available at: https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/opioids\/about-the-epidemic\/index.html (accessed 17 March 2022)."},{"key":"bibr42-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2005.09.001"},{"key":"bibr43-13674935231168676","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.10.054"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child Health Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13674935231168676","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13674935231168676","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13674935231168676","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:59:41Z","timestamp":1777388381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13674935231168676"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13674935231168676"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13674935231168676","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-4935","1741-2889"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-4935","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2889","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]}}}