{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T05:29:16Z","timestamp":1793165356861,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004489","name":"Mitacs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004489","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Interstitial cystitis (IC), a chronic inflammatory condition of the urinary bladder characterized by pain and difficulties with urination, has limited treatment options. Beta-caryophyllene (BCP) is a sesquiterpene with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, but has poor water solubility and limited intestinal absorption which may limit oral bioavailability\n                      <jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold>\n                      Indena Phytosome\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      is a proprietary food-grade lecithin-based delivery system that optimizes the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of natural phytochemicals like BCP by producing a stable solid dispersion suitable for oral delivery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To examine the therapeutic potential of an oral BCP Indena Phytosome\u00ae formulation (BCP Indena Phytosome\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) for the treatment of IC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Female BALB\/c mice were pre-treated with BCP Indena Phytosome\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      or empty Indena Phytosome\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      vehicle, then IC was induced using lipopolysaccharide. 24\u2005h later, inflammation was evaluated using intravital microscopy and histology. Pain was evaluated using behavior scoring and von Frey asethesiometry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pre-treatment with BCP Indena Phytosome\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      reduced leukocyte adhesion, histology scores, and behavior scores in IC mice, indicating a reduction in inflammation and pain. Lipopolysaccharide administration did not alter leukocyte rolling, capillary perfusion, or von Frey scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oral BCP Indena Phytosome\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      effectively reduces pain and inflammation in experimental IC by decreasing leukocyte adhesion and extravasation in the bladder.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13860291261442989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T15:02:05Z","timestamp":1777042925000},"page":"65-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of an oral Beta-caryophyllene Indena Phytosome\n                    <sup>\u00ae<\/sup>\n                    for the treatment of pain and inflammation in interstitial cystitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Hannah","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayle","family":"Dickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassidy","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Neira","family":"Agonh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-005-1301-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.278.4.F540"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143316"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756287211398255"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01129-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001892"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)32594-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-012-0285-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(09)60257-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.01.086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.11.084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00988-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.3786"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.08.088"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179472"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20190086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/365061a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2017.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(02)00060-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.11.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20780.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aat.2013.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.58.3.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24234239"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/pp.2012.34053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2013.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0803601105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S351513"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111639"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-827X(01)01092-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612824666180912151412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-018-0517-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2009.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","unstructured":"Indena Phytosome\u00ae. Indena https:\/\/www.indena.com\/us\/products\/phytosome\/ (2024 accessed 18 September 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2012.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.6.2798-2802.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104144"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13722"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-017-0313-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8723460","article-title":"Oral phosphatidylcholine improves intestinal barrier function in drug-induced liver injury in rats","volume":"2019","author":"Chen M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen M, Huang H, Zhou P, et al. Oral phosphatidylcholine improves intestinal barrier function in drug-induced liver injury in rats. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019: 1\u20136.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-201078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-8719.2011.00123.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64719\/pb.4391"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.60.11.0005"}],"container-title":["Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13860291261442989","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13860291261442989","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13860291261442989","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T05:53:27Z","timestamp":1782626007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13860291261442989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13860291261442989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13860291261442989","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-0291","1875-8622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-0291","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8622","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}}}