{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:38:15Z","timestamp":1793147895750,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 NS041588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 NS041588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 NS041588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 NS041588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disordered metabolism affects risk for cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and other dementias, likely through pathways involving adipokines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analyze incident cognitive impairment in relation to leptin, adiponectin, body mass index, and other risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nested case-control study within the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort of 30,239 adults in the US. Cases with incident cognitive impairment (n\u2009=\u2009489) scored &gt;1.57 SD below demographically adjusted means on \u22652 of 3 cognitive tests: word list learning, word list delayed recall, and category fluency. Cognitively intact controls (n\u2009=\u2009583) were randomly selected within demographic strata. Leptin and adiponectin were assayed in thawed blood that had been stored at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In participants with normal weight, lower leptin was associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. Relative to leptin\u2009=\u200925\u2005ng\/mL, adjusted ORs were 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2, 1.9) at leptin\u2009=\u200915\u2005ng\/mL, 0.8 (0.8, 0.9) at leptin\u2009=\u200930\u2005ng\/mL, and 0.5 (0.4, 0.8) at leptin\u2009=\u200945\u2005ng\/mL. In participants with obesity, higher adiponectin was associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. Relative to adiponectin\u2009=\u200925\u2005ng\/mL, adjusted ORs were 0.8 (95% CI: 0.7, 1.0) at adiponectin\u2009=\u200915\u2005ng\/mL, 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) at adiponectin\u2009=\u200930\u2005ng\/mL, and 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) at adiponectin\u2009=\u200945\u2005ng\/mL. Associations of adipokines with cognitive impairment varied across levels of other risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adipokines, in concert with body mass index, play complex roles in cognitive health, with many avenues open for further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251326060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T06:20:26Z","timestamp":1745043626000},"page":"90-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Leptin, adiponectin, body mass index, and incident cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3813-0885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan 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Provo, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah R","family":"Gillett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7594-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne E","family":"Judd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge R","family":"Kizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San 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