{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:27:23Z","timestamp":1777397243730,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHGRI R01 HG011792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHGRI R01 HG011792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recently published clinical studies suggest that blood-based biomarker tests (BBMTs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) provide value, but in the U.S., neither public nor private payers currently cover these tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe considerations for payer coverage of AD BBMTs that would need to be addressed to facilitate timely diagnosis and equitable patient access if clinical utility is demonstrated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a targeted literature review to characterize predictable coverage barriers for BBMTs and inform the development of an interview guide. We conducted semi-structured interviews with clinicians, researchers, test developers, and a patient advocate and former payer (N\u2009=\u200912) to assess the barriers and refine the proposed key considerations for obtaining payer coverage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stakeholders noted that payers will require evidence of clinical validity and utility of BBMTs as part of their coverage determinations contingent on the specific indication for testing, with insufficient evidence for screening applications currently. Stakeholders also agreed that there are evidence gaps for use of BBMTs in patients from ethnic and racial minority communities that must be addressed. Given the shortage of memory specialists, stakeholders noted that limiting testing coverage authorization to specialists could be harmful to patients, particularly the underserved. Interviewees also agreed that patients with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage AD could benefit from earlier diagnosis to avoid progressing to moderate disease and limiting eligibility for new disease-modifying therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>If BBMTs meet criteria for clinical utility, anticipating and planning for coverage and reimbursement before widespread implementation will be critical to ensuring broad, equitable access to BBMTs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251329394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T03:24:06Z","timestamp":1743564246000},"page":"433-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Alzheimer's disease blood-based biomarker testing: A stakeholder-informed assessment of coverage considerations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1777-4286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia A","family":"Deverka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deverka Consulting, LLC, Durham, USA"},{"name":"Center for Translational and Policy Research on Precision Medicine (TRANSPERS), Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6081-5231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jalayne J","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6498-641X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace A","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational and Policy Research on Precision Medicine (TRANSPERS), Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3286-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Zwerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine\/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn A","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational and Policy Research on Precision Medicine (TRANSPERS), Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association Workgroup. 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