{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:34:35Z","timestamp":1790087675435,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are commonly observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study aims to explore the multifactorial etiologies and cognitive correlates of global and regional WMH in a cohort of biologically diagnosed AD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 170 AD patients who underwent brain MRI, neuropsychological testing, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker evaluation within three months. Linear and logostic regressions were used to assess associations between global\/regional WMH and age, cerebral microbleeds (CMB), AD biomarkers, cortical atrophy, and vascular risk scores. Sensitivity analyses included replacing vascular score with hypertension, p-tau181 with t-tau, and inclusion of\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 status. Associations between Mini-Mental State Exam scores and WMH and atrophy burden were also evaluated, adjusting for age, sex, and education.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Greater global WMH burden was significantly associated with older age (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.03, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), lower CSF A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      levels (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.0014, p\u2009=\u20090.01), and more severe CMB grade (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.48, p\u2009=\u20090.003), but not with vascular risk scores. Regionally, WMH in the paraventricular, frontal, and parietal lobes were linked to CSF A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      and CMB. Cognitive impairment was independently associated with increased paraventricular WMH burden (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.22, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and medial temporal atrophy (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.82, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that WMH in AD\u2014particularly in the paraventricular, frontal, and parietal areas\u2014are driven more by AD-specific pathology, including amyloid deposition and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, than by conventional vascular risk. Paraventricular WMH contribute to cognitive decline independent of cortical atrophy, underscoring their relevance as potential imaging biomarkers in AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251360239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T09:02:23Z","timestamp":1753088543000},"page":"246-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Global and regional white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease: Exploring etiologies and cognitive correlates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3058-1253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuyue","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialu","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longze","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfan","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, \rState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, \rBeijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College &amp; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union 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