{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T10:19:20Z","timestamp":1779099560373,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["19H03341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22H02734"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H02734"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The accumulation of amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) protein is a plausible candidate for the primary cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition to extracellular deposition, intracellular accumulation of A\u03b2 oligomers is thought to occur during early-stage AD. Considering that olfactory dysfunction is an early event in AD, analyses of intracellular A\u03b2 deposition in the olfactory system could provide insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies, particularly for early-stage AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the olfactory behaviors of transgenic mice expressing intracellular A\u03b2-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein oligomers and investigated the manifestation of any abnormalities in mature and young adult stages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 6\u20137-month-old and 2\u20133-month-old transgenic mice, expression of A\u03b2-GFP was histologically examined in the fixed brains. The mice's olfactory behaviors including odor detection, odor discrimination and odor-associated learning and memory were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histological analysis confirmed intracellular A\u03b2-GFP accumulation in brain regions related to olfaction, including the olfactory bulb, olfactory cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex. In 6\u20137-month-old mice, odor detection and discrimination abilities, as well as odor-reward association learning and long-term memory, were not significantly affected. However, the mice exhibited impaired re-learning of the odor-reward association, in which the initial association of two different odors with or without a sugar reward was subsequently reversed. This behavioral phenotype also was observed in 2\u20133-month-old mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that mice expressing intracellular A\u03b2 oligomers experience early-life olfactory disturbances, highlighting their potential utility in studying olfactory dysfunction in early-stage AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251379439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T11:31:43Z","timestamp":1761046303000},"page":"805-823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impairment in re-learning of olfactory behaviors in mice expressing intracellular amyloid-\u03b2 protein oligomers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7420-9456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saya","family":"Iwame","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kochi University"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2739-3860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Izu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kochi University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1800-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Murata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kochi University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3454-4055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mutsuo","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kochi University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6290-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoyo","family":"Ochiishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3901-9254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kochi University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1309482"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0097-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100956"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102095"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23054"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.3.357"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006919"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201168"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyab091"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.9.1399"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.2952"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201606210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64700-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2168"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12520"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1922-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.01.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00434-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64463-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"1501","article-title":"Intraneuronal amyloid beta accumulation disrupts hippocampal CRTC1-dependent gene expression and cognitive function in a rat model of Alzheimer disease","volume":"27","author":"Wilson EN","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wilson EN, Abela AR, Do Carmo S, et al. 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