{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:12:54Z","timestamp":1787019174687,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histopathological cholinergic pathways destruction is described in numerous neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer's disease [AD], dementia with Lewy bodies [DLB]). Detecting biological acetylcholine (ACh) deficits is however challenging due to its rapid post-mortem degradation and low concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our team collaborated in the development of a reliable liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) technique for the measurement of ACh and choline (Ch) in CSF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study aimed to assess potential ACh concentration differences among patients by clinical diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This monocentric cross-sectional study included patients with AD (n\u2009=\u2009149), DLB (n\u2009=\u200920), and neurological controls (NC, n\u2009=\u200945) from the CHOLINE study (NCT03090854) or as additional controls (CSF from locoregional anesthesia). CSF samples were analyzed for ACh and Ch (LC-MS\/MS), and acetylcholinesterase activity (enzymatic technique). Cholinergic markers were compared between groups using multivariate linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders (age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No significant difference in ACh or Ch levels was found between diagnostic groups. A significant difference (p\u2009=\u20090.03) was observed for acetylcholinesterase activity, with a lower value in the DLB group versus the AD and NC groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The absence of intergroup ACh differences suggests CSF ACh is an unreliable diagnostic marker or indicator of cholinergic pathway damage. This could reflect a functional deficit or a dissociation between CSF and brain ACh levels. Larger studies are required to confirm our results and evaluate these markers for therapeutic target engagement of treatments designed to protect cholinergic pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251387159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T18:07:06Z","timestamp":1761156426000},"page":"1339-1346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholine is not a reliable diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2883-3907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Aveneau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"},{"name":"INSERM, UMR 1144, Optimisation Th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Lamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Biotechnologie de la Sant\u00e9, Infection et inflammation, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Montigny le Bretonneux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanislas","family":"Grassin-Delyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Biotechnologie de la Sant\u00e9, Infection et inflammation, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Montigny le Bretonneux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Sanchez-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Vicaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Clinique, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril","family":"Touchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, D\u00e9partement d\u2019Anesth\u00e9sie-R\u00e9animation, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Cognat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"},{"name":"INSERM, UMR 1144, Optimisation Th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Dumurgier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Hourregue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Hugon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Bouaziz-Amar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"INSERM, UMR 1144, Optimisation Th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, D\u00e9partement de Biochimie, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Paquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"IHU reConnect, Paris, France"},{"name":"GHU AP-HP Nord, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Fernand-Widal, Paris, France"},{"name":"INSERM, UMR 1144, Optimisation Th\u00e9rapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)91936-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhv062"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011832"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-018-00636-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.704583"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(80)90176-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020050105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90064-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2020.121881"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004058"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.2.407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0130-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)90879-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.121.263198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(01)00309-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-7160-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.704583"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2006.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.941467"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2008.04.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad192"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00843-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.549"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32944-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2962245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.008938"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(00)00349-X"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877251387159","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13872877251387159","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877251387159","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:09:25Z","timestamp":1777370965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13872877251387159"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13872877251387159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877251387159","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]}}}