{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:51:10Z","timestamp":1781783470510,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Project on Health and Welfare Promotion for the Elderly"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["15dk0107003h0003 and 15dk0207004h0203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15dk0107003h0003 and 15dk0207004h0203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Research grants from the Japan Association of Health Care Initiative"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Implementing dementia prevention measures is a critical global health objective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the impact of social activity involvement and willingness on dementia onset in community-dwelling older adults, and potential differences across age and sex subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal analysis was conducted on 2247 community-dwelling older adults \u226565 years (mean age: 74) who participated in the National Center for Geriatric and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes in Japan (2015\u20132016 baseline survey) and were followed up at onset of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, over 60 months. The Lifestyle Activities Questionnaire was used to determine social activity involvement. Willingness to participate in social activities was determined by asking if participants were willing to engage in 12 specific activities. Participants were classified into three groups: low-involvement, high-involvement\/low-willingness, and high-involvement\/high-willingness. Statistical analysis was conducted using Cox proportional hazards analysis with dementia onset as the outcome variable, involvement and willingness groups as explanatory variables, and adjusted covariates. Subgroup analyses examined differences across age and sex groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The high-involvement\/high-willingness group showed a significantly lower dementia incidence (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than the other groups. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that the high-involvement\/high-willingness group had a significantly lower hazard ratio (HR: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.54\u20130.97) for dementia onset than the low-involvement group. This result was maintained in men and the age\u2009&gt;\u200975 group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher involvement and willingness to participate in social activities lowered dementia risk, while higher involvement but low-willingness showed no protective effect. This result was maintained in men and the age\u2009&gt;\u200975 group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251400782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T14:45:43Z","timestamp":1764859543000},"page":"810-819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of involvement in social activities on dementia onset: The role of willingness"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5447-519X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoma","family":"Akaida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Katayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiki","family":"Yamagiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouki","family":"Tomida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.765584"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01296-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2017-209811"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18094"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2015.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180439"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"4022","article-title":"Modulating reward induces differential neurocognitive approaches to sustained attention","volume":"27","author":"Esterman M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Esterman M, Poole V, Liu G, et al. 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