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At this early point, the underlying pathophysiology of ET-dementia is not known. In vivo biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegeneration could help bridge the gap between the pathophysiological processes that present in the context of ET-dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Examine blood concentrations of t-tau, p-tau181, p-tau217, A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42\/40<\/jats:sub>\n                      , neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in ET with a range of cognitive diagnoses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>40 ET cases (mean age\u2009=\u200981.5\u2009\u00b1\u20097.3; including 20 normal cognition (NC), 12 cognitively normal with some weaknesses, 4 mild cognitive impairment, and 4 dementia) were enrolled in a study of cognitive performance in ET, during which phlebotomy was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Greater cognitive difficulty was associated with higher blood concentrations of p-tau217, p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL, and a lower A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42\/40<\/jats:sub>\n                      ratio (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests for trend\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Cases with dementia had marginally higher concentrations of p-tau217 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.06) and higher concentrations of GFAP and NfL (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) than cases with NC. Furthermore, higher concentrations of p-tau217, GFAP, and NfL were associated with lower cognitive test scores across multiple cognitive domains (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Albeit based on a small sample of cases, our findings suggest a potential role of blood-based biomarkers as markers for cognitive function in ET patients. Cognitive decline in ET may be due to underlying neurodegenerative processes involving tau and perhaps A\u03b2 pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251404035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T14:57:21Z","timestamp":1765551441000},"page":"1232-1241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blood-based Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and cognitive decline in essential tremor"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Tomer O","family":"Guy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ghanem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane S","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora C","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vibhash D","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"},{"name":"Peter O\u2019Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Cosentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Gertrude H. 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