{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:00:01Z","timestamp":1793325601721,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Far Eastern Memorial Hospital-National Yang Ming University collaboration grant","award":["110DN18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110DN18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human herpesvirus (HHV) infections, particularly for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), may increase dementia risk, yet the protective effects of anti-herpetic medications remained unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies aimed to examine the association between anti-herpetic medications and dementia, focusing on HSV or VZV-related infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study followed PRISMA guidelines (CRD42022368318). Cohort or nested case-control studies published from databases\u2019 inception to December 2024 were systematically searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Eligible studies evaluated anti-herpetic medications (e.g., acyclovir, famciclovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, valganciclovir) and dementia risk in non-demented adults aged \u226550. Pooled adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed using random-effects models. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity and effect modifiers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourteen cohort studies involving more than 10 million older adults were included. To demonstrate the effects of anti-herpetic medications in various clinical scenarios, the meta-analysis compared: diagnosed and treated versus diagnosed but untreated (aHR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.67\u20130.89); treated versus untreated regardless of diagnosis (aHR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.87\u20130.94); and diagnosed and treated versus neither diagnosed nor treated (aHR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.78\u20130.97). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression identified infection severity as a significant modifier (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), explaining 89.01% of heterogeneity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis reveals notable protective effect of anti-herpetic medication usage on dementia, and the effect is especially pronounced in patients with severe alpha herpesvirus infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251409323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T16:07:04Z","timestamp":1767110824000},"page":"1590-1602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anti-herpetic treatment reduces dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9860-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syuan-Ting","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3121-3351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hon-Yen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4504-5571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Ling","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics and Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5421-9855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Fang","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"International Health Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2015. 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