{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T13:24:33Z","timestamp":1787059473713,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Markers of synaptic degeneration and neuroinflammation have been investigated in memory clinic cohorts, but less is known about their role in community-dwelling subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neurogranin and YKL-40 in community-dwelling subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who had not yet sought help for their cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited and characterized 107 subjects, who at the clinical baseline examination were found to have MCI. Based on the clinical progression at a 3-year follow-up, the individuals were classified as MCI-Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD, n\u2009=\u200940), MCI-vascular dementia (MCI-VaD, n\u2009=\u200925), and stable MCI (sMCI, n\u2009=\u200942).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Baseline CSF neurogranin level was elevated in the MCI-AD group compared with the MCI-VaD and sMCI groups (p\u2009=\u20090.02 and p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively), and baseline CSF YKL-40 level was higher in the MCI-AD group than in the sMCI group (p\u2009=\u20090.01). Neurogranin, and to a lesser extent YKL-40, correlated positively with CSF levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau\n                      <jats:sub>181<\/jats:sub>\n                      in all study groups. However, in receiver operator characteristics analyses, neurogranin and YKL-40 used alone or in combination had a moderate diagnostic accuracy that was lower than that of the core AD biomarkers (amyloid-\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      , total tau, and phosphorylated tau\n                      <jats:sub>181<\/jats:sub>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows that neurogranin and YKL-40 in CSF are elevated in MCI-AD compared with sMCI, and neurogranin was also higher in MCI-AD than in MCI-VaD. Neurogranin and YKL-40 had a moderate diagnostic accuracy, but they could still be of value to characterize the clinical consequences of postsynaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251411336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T06:08:42Z","timestamp":1768370922000},"page":"1884-1897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cerebrospinal fluid levels of neurogranin and YKL-40 in mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ulla","family":"Andin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Skaraborg Central Hospital, Lidk\u00f6ping, 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