{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:58:51Z","timestamp":1792799931241,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271227, 82571423, 82301339, 32030047, 81671273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271227, 82571423, 82301339, 32030047, 81671273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"2022 Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","award":["20224Y0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224Y0151"]}]},{"name":"the Project of Shanghai Tongji Hospital","award":["RCQD2203, ITJ(ZD)2405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCQD2203, ITJ(ZD)2405"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04xy45965","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Project of Tongji Universit","award":["2025-0313-YB-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-0313-YB-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rc6as71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development","award":["SKLSIM-F-202483, SKLSIM-F-202432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLSIM-F-202483, SKLSIM-F-202432"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFF1202800, 2022YFF1202804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFF1202800, 2022YFF1202804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma sphingomyelin (SM), an established biomarker of white matter hyperintensity (WMH), has recently been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, but its role in cognitive decline remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether plasma SM (d18:1\/24:0) is associated with incident AD risk and to clarify its relationships with AD pathology, neuroimaging, and cognition in non-demented adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 476 non-demented participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Kaplan-Meier analysis assessed AD progression, with group comparisons by log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Multiple linear regression and mixed-effects models evaluated associations of SM with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, neuroimaging measures, and cognition. A causal mediation analysis was performed using 10,000 bootstrapped iterations to evaluate the intermediary role of AD pathology in cognitive function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants with higher levels of SM (d18:1\/24:0) exhibited decreased AD risk. Plasma SM (d18:1\/24:0) presented positive associations with Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT-immediate), amyloid-\u03b2 pathology,\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) brain metabolism and brain volume, and negative associations with tau pathology, WMH-V, and ventricular volume. The association between SM (d18:1\/24:0) and verbal memory was partially mediated by amyloid and tau pathology, FDG-PET, and hippocampal-V.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that lower plasma SM (d18:1\/24:0) levels are associated with an increased risk of AD. Plasma SM (d18:1\/24:0) is closely related to cognitive performance, neuroimaging markers, and AD pathology, and its association with verbal memory may be partially mediated by AD pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251415349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T12:34:29Z","timestamp":1770035669000},"page":"484-496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations of plasma sphingomyelin SM (d18:1\/24:0) with Alzheimer's disease pathology and cognition in non-demented adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2077-190X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6828-7466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ze-Hu","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6934-5671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang-Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9630-8787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing-Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi-Jin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.06.2365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160169"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2019.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-12-68"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22101692"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02988-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30079-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccb.2022.100148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190687"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.25166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116944"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0281-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00950"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.14.1.111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1448-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes11100787"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20071744"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3466"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2023.0221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021643"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51673-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056892"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","article-title":"Circulating sphingolipids in relation to cognitive decline and incident dementia: the Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"16","author":"Moseholm KF","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moseholm KF, Cronj\u00e9 HT, Koch M, et al. Circulating sphingolipids in relation to cognitive decline and incident dementia: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2024; 16: e12623.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (Amst)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-00973-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-024-02302-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00943-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-018-0301-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01665-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0512-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030302"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-191005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1448034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780090710"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020761"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2015.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-04011-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1956-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-110405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06779.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.0c00255"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/520618"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01359-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-142319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.653815"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.274142"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1313"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R009761"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023852"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18478-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0460-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877251415349","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13872877251415349","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877251415349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:10:08Z","timestamp":1777371008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13872877251415349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13872877251415349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877251415349","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]}}}